SynthesisCanadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien2011
Hypertension in people with type 2 diabetes: Update on pharmacologic management.
Synthesis in Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in individuals with insulin resistance, prediabetes, or noncommunicable chronic diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Pooled it
- The comorbidity burden of diabetes and stroke: a retrospective study in Beijing, China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and methotrexate on diabetes mellitus among patients with inflammatory arthritis.BMC rheumatology · 2020Article
- Effect of Dapagliflozin Treatment on the Expression of Renal Sodium Transporters/Channels on High-Fat Diet Diabetic Mice.Nephron · 2019Article
- Association Trends Between Antihypertensive Drug Therapies and Diastolic Hypotension in Emirati Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Center Retrospective Longitudinal Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Article
- Annual Total Medical Expenditures Associated with Hypertension by Diabetes Status in U.S. Adults.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Article
- Comorbidity Status and Annual Total Medical Expenditures in U.S. Hypertensive Adults.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Article
- Mechanism of the blood pressure-lowering effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2017Article
- Homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide in epigenetic, metabolic and microbiota related renovascular hypertension.Pharmacological research · 2016Review
- Assessment of dipyridamole stress echocardiography for risk stratification of diabetic patients.Cardiovascular ultrasound · 2015Article
- Expression of REG Iα gene in type 2 diabetics in Pakistan.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2015Article
- Evaluation of T2DM related knowledge and practices of Omani patients.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2015Article
- Higher prevalence and awareness, but lower control rate of hypertension in patients with diabetes than general population: the fifth korean national health and nutrition examination survey in 2011.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2014Article
- Influence of dyslipidemia in control of arterial hypertension among type-2 diabetics in the western region of the Republic of Macedonia.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2014Article
- Uncertainty about the systolic blood pressure target in people with diabetes.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2013Article
- Another hypertension visit.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2012Article
- Hypertension revisited.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2012Article
- Perceptions of hypertension treatment among patients with and without diabetes.BMC family practice · 2012Article
- Hypertension control in patients with diabetes.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo summarize the evidence for the need to improve pharmacologic management of hypertension in people with type 2 diabetes and to provide expert advice on how blood pressure (BP) treatment can be improved in primary care. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: Studies were obtained by performing a systematic review of the literature on hypertension and diabetes, from which management recommendations were developed, reviewed, and voted on by a group of experts selected by the Canadian Hypertension Education Program and the Canadian Diabetes Association; authors' expert opinions on optimal pharmacologic management were also considered during this process. MAIN MESSAGE: The pathogenesis of hypertension in patients with diabetes is complex, involving a range of biological and environmental factors and genetic predisposition; as a result, hypertension in people with diabetes incurs higher associated risks and adverse events. Mortality and morbidity are heightened in diabetes patients who do not achieve BP control (ie, a target value of less than 130/80 mm Hg). Large randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have shown that reducing BP pharmacologically is single-handedly the most effective way to reduce rates of death and disability in patients with diabetes, particularly associated cardiovascular risks. Often, combinations of 2 or more drugs (diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, spironolactone, etc) are required for pharmacotherapy to be effective, particularly for patients in whom BP is difficult to control. However, the health care costs associated with extensively lowering BP are substantially less than the costs associated with treating the complications that can be prevented by lowering BP.
conclusionDetecting and managing hypertension in people with diabetes is one of the most effective measures to prevent adverse events, and pharmacotherapy is one of the most effective ways to maintain target BP levels in primary care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21918140PMC3173417W2165898805What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.