SynthesisValue in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research
How valid and responsive are generic health status measures, such as EQ-5D and SF-36, in schizophrenia? A systematic review.
Synthesis in Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of the psychometric properties of quality-of-life outcome measures used with adult inpatient psychiatric populations.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Instruments to assess quality of life in people with mental health problems: a systematic review and dimension analysis of generic, domain- and disease-specific instruments.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2021Pooled it
- Measurement Properties of Commonly Used Generic Preference-Based Measures in East and South-East Asia: A Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review of utility values in children with cerebral palsy.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Studies Comparing the Measurement Properties of the Three-Level and Five-Level Versions of the EQ-5D.PharmacoEconomics · 2018Pooled it
- Assessment of the construct validity and responsiveness of preference-based quality of life measures in people with Parkinson's: a systematic review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- EQ-5D in skin conditions: an assessment of validity and responsiveness.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2015Pooled it
- Can The EQ-5D Detect Meaningful Change? A Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2015Pooled it
- Quality of life of people with mental health problems: a synthesis of qualitative research.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2012Pooled it
- Cross-national validation of the MHQoL: psychometric evaluation and open-source tools for assessing mental health quality of life.BMJ open · 2026Trial
- The effect of exercise as adjunctive treatment on quality of life for individuals with alcohol use disorders: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2019Trial
- A longitudinal assessment of the responsiveness of the ICECAP-A in a randomised controlled trial of a knee pain intervention.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2015Trial
- Trial
- An exploratory study to test the impact on three "bolt-on" items to the EQ-5D.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2015Trial
- Quality of life for parents of children with influenza-like illness: development and validation of Care-ILI-QoL.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2014Trial
- Health-related quality of life among patients treated with lurasidone: results from a switch trial in patients with schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2014Trial
- Effectiveness of the physical activity promotion programme on the quality of life and the cardiopulmonary function for inactive people: randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2013Trial
- Development of the Japanese version of the Manchester short assessment of quality of life (MANSA) among people with self-reported severe mental illness.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Insights from Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in Economic Evaluations of Severe Mental Illness: Comparing Recovering Quality of Life (ReQoL) and the EQ-5D-5L.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesGeneric health status measures such as the short form health survey (SF-36) and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) are increasingly being used to inform health policy. They are claimed to be applicable across disease areas and have started to be used within mental health research. This review aims to assess the construct validity and responsiveness of four generic health status measures in schizophrenia, including the preference-based SF-6D and EQ-5D.
methodA systematic review of the literature was undertaken. Ten databases were searched from inception to August 2009 and reference lists scrutinized to identify relevant studies. Studies were appraised and data extracted. A narrative synthesis was performed of the evidence on construct validity including known groups validity (detecting a difference in health-related quality of life (HRQL) scores between two different groups such as samples from the general population and people with schizophrenia), convergent validity (strength of association between generic HRQL and other measures (e.g., symptom or functional), and responsiveness. Responsiveness was considered by: 1) differences in generic HRQL measure scores in responders/non-responders and 2) correlation between changes on generic HRQL measures and changes in specific measures obtained from patients and clinicians.
resultsThirty-three studies were identified that provided data on the validity and/or responsiveness of the instruments. Most of the evidence concerns the SF-36 and EQ-5D, and for these instruments there was evidence for known group validity. The evidence for convergent validity and responsiveness was mixed, with studies presenting contradictory results.
conclusionAlthough the evidence base is limited in a number of important respects, including problems with the measures used to develop constructs in the validation studies, it is sufficient to raise doubts about the use of generic measures of health like the EQ-5D and SF-36 in patients with schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.