ArticlePloS one2011
Vancomycin activates σ(B) in vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resulting in the enhancement of cytotoxicity.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Resisting the resistance: the antimicrobial peptide DGL13K selects for small colony variants ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive safety and toxicity analysis of 2,2'-Bipyridine derivatives in combating MRSA biofilm formation and persistence.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity, biofilm formation, and Vancomycin resistance of clinical Clostridium innocuum isolates.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Repeated Exposure of Vancomycin to Vancomycin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) Parent Emerged VISA and VRSA Strains with Enhanced Virulence Potentials.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Bacillus velezensis iturins inhibit the hemolytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Protein Content ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Azalomycin FInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Alternative sigma factor B (σScientific reports · 2019Article
- Alternative Sigma Factor B in Bovine Mastitis-CausingFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Network-based genetic investigation of virulence-associated phenotypes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Identification of a unique transcriptional architecture for the sigS operon in Staphylococcus aureus.FEMS microbiology letters · 2018Article
- The expression of fibronectin is significantly suppressed in macrophages to exert a protective effect against Staphylococcus aureus infection.BMC microbiology · 2017Article
- Different Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Phenotypes Selected from the Same ST100-hVISA Parental Strain.Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2017Article
- Review
- Modulation of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Matrix by Subinhibitory Concentrations of Clindamycin.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Resilience in the Face of Uncertainty: Sigma Factor B Fine-Tunes Gene Expression To Support Homeostasis in Gram-Positive Bacteria.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2016Review
- RpiRc Is a Pleiotropic Effector of Virulence Determinant Synthesis and Attenuates Pathogenicity in Staphylococcus aureus.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Sigma Factor SigB Is Crucial to Mediate Staphylococcus aureus Adaptation during Chronic Infections.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The alternative transcription factor σ(B) is responsible for transcription in Staphylococcus aureus during the stress response. Many virulence-associated genes are directly or indirectly regulated by σ(B). We hypothesized that treatment with antibiotics may act as an environmental stressor that induces σ(B) activity in antibiotic-resistant strains. Several antibiotics with distinct modes of action, including ampicillin (12 µg/ml), vancomycin (16 or 32 µg/ml), chloramphenicol (15 µg/ml), ciprofloxacin (0.25 µg/ml), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT, 0.8 µg/ml), were investigated for their ability to activate this transcription factor. We were especially interested in the stress response in vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) strains treated with vancomycin. The transcription levels of selected genes associated with virulence were also measured. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR was employed to evaluate gene transcription levels. Contact hemolytic and cytotoxicity assays were used to evaluate cell damage following antibiotic treatment. Antibiotics that target the cell wall (vancomycin and ampicillin) and SXT induced σ(B) activity in VRSA strains. Expression of σ(B)-regulated virulence genes, including hla and fnbA, was associated with the vancomycin-induced σ(B) activity in VRSA strains and the increase in cytotoxicity upon vancomycin treatment. These effects were not observed in the sigB-deficient strain but were observed in the complemented strain. We demonstrate that sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) levels of antibiotics act as environmental stressors and activate the stress response sigma factor, σ(B). The improper use of antibiotics may alter the expression of virulence factors through the activation of σ(B) in drug-resistant strains of S. aureus and lead to worse clinical outcomes.
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