ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2011
Differences between Trypanosoma brucei gambiense groups 1 and 2 in their resistance to killing by trypanolytic factor 1.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Germline-targeted baboon apolipoprotein L-1 protects mice against African trypanosomes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- LncRNAs Are Differentially Expressed between Wildtype and Cell Line Strains of African Trypanosomes.Non-coding RNA · 2022Article
- Salivarian Trypanosomes Have Adopted Intricate Host-Pathogen Interaction Mechanisms That Ensure Survival in Plain Sight of the Adaptive Immune System.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Antitrypanosomatid Pharmacomodulation at Position 3 of the 8-Nitroquinolin-2(1H)-one Scaffold Using Palladium-Catalysed Cross-Coupling Reactions.ChemMedChem · 2018Article
- Salivarian Trypanosomosis: A Review of Parasites Involved, Their Global Distribution and Their Interaction With the Innate and Adaptive Mammalian Host Immune System.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- A multigene family encoding surface glycoproteins inMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2017Article
- Pharmacogenomic implications of the evolutionary history of infectious diseases in Africa.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2017Review
- A Primate APOL1 Variant That Kills Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Apolipoprotein L1 Variant Associated with Increased Susceptibility to Trypanosome Infection.mBio · 2016Article
- Population genomics reveals the origin and asexual evolution of human infective trypanosomes.eLife · 2016Article
- Immune Evasion Strategies of Trypanosoma brucei within the Mammalian Host: Progression to Pathogenicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- De Novo Genome Assembly Shows Genome Wide Similarity between Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.PloS one · 2016Article
- APOL1 Kidney Disease Risk Variants: An Evolving Landscape.Seminars in nephrology · 2015Review
- Human trypanolytic factor APOL1 forms pH-gated cation-selective channels in planar lipid bilayers: relevance to trypanosome lysis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- A co-evolutionary arms race: trypanosomes shaping the human genome, humans shaping the trypanosome genome.Parasitology · 2015Review
- Comparative genomics reveals multiple genetic backgrounds of human pathogenicity in the Trypanosoma brucei complex.Genome biology and evolution · 2014Article
- Evolution of the primate trypanolytic factor APOL1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- Cathepsin-L can resist lysis by human serum in Trypanosoma brucei brucei.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Glossina fuscipes populations provide insights for human African trypanosomiasis transmission in Uganda.Trends in parasitology · 2013Review
- A single amino acid substitution in the group 1 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor abolishes TLF-1 binding.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe three sub-species of Trypanosoma brucei are important pathogens of sub-Saharan Africa. T. b. brucei is unable to infect humans due to sensitivity to trypanosome lytic factors (TLF) 1 and 2 found in human serum. T. b. rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense are able to resist lysis by TLF. There are two distinct sub-groups of T. b. gambiense that differ genetically and by human serum resistance phenotypes. Group 1 T. b. gambiense have an invariant phenotype whereas group 2 show variable resistance. Previous data indicated that group 1 T. b. gambiense are resistant to TLF-1 due in-part to reduced uptake of TLF-1 mediated by reduced expression of the TLF-1 receptor (the haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR)) gene. Here we investigate if this is also true in group 2 parasites. METHODOLOGY: Isogenic resistant and sensitive group 2 T. b. gambiense were derived and compared to other T. brucei parasites. Both resistant and sensitive lines express the HpHbR gene at similar levels and internalized fluorescently labeled TLF-1 similar fashion to T. b. brucei. Both resistant and sensitive group 2, as well as group 1 T. b. gambiense, internalize recombinant APOL1, but only sensitive group 2 parasites are lysed.
conclusionsOur data indicate that, despite group 1 T. b. gambiense avoiding TLF-1, it is resistant to the main lytic component, APOL1. Similarly group 2 T. b. gambiense is innately resistant to APOL1, which could be based on the same mechanism. However, group 2 T. b. gambiense variably displays this phenotype and expression does not appear to correlate with a change in expression site or expression of HpHbR. Thus there are differences in the mechanism of human serum resistance between T. b. gambiense groups 1 and 2.
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