SynthesisPloS one2011
Mycobacterium vaccae as adjuvant therapy to anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy in never-treated tuberculosis patients: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Pooled it
- Vaccine against tuberculosis: what's new?BMC infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- A Phase I/II randomized trial of H56:IC31 vaccination and adjunctive cyclooxygenase-2-inhibitor treatment in tuberculosis patients.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- Randomized, placebo-controlled phase II trial of heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae (Longcom batch) formulated as an oral pill (V7).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2013Trial
- Immunotherapy for tuberculosis: current landscape, mechanistic insights, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Efficacy ofFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for tuberculosis: current strategies and future directions.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- Progress of single-cell sequencing technology in immunotherapy for tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Inactivated Mycobacterial Vaccine Nebulized Inhalation: A Effective Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases?The clinical respiratory journal · 2025Review
- TB-vaccines: Current status & challenges.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Optimizing antigen selection for the development of tuberculosis vaccines.Cell insight · 2024Review
- Tuberculosis vaccine developments and efficient delivery systems: A comprehensive appraisal.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Review
- Mechanisms of ag85a/b DNA vaccine conferred immunotherapy and recovery from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced injury.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Nanomaterials in tuberculosis DNA vaccine delivery: historical perspective and current landscape.Drug delivery · 2022Review
- An Update on Tuberculosis Vaccines.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Recent Progress and Challenges for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- PE_PGRS33, an Important Virulence Factor ofCells · 2021Review
- Article
- Integrating fish models in tuberculosis vaccine development.Disease models & mechanisms · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of heat-killed M. vaccae added to chemotherapy of never-treated tuberculosis (TB) patients.
methodsThe databases of Medline, Embase, Biosis, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, SCI, CBM, VIP and CNKI were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and Controlled clinical trials (CCT) comparing M. vaccae with or without a placebo-control injection as adjuvant therapy in the chemotherapy of never-treated TB patients were included. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.0 software by The Cochrane Collaboration.
resultsFifty four studies were included. At the end of the follow-up period, Pooled RR (Risk Ratio) and its 95% CI of sputum smear conversion rate were 1.07 (1.04, 1.10) in TB patients without complications, 1.17 (0.92, 1.49) in TB patients with diabetes mellitus, 1.02 (0.94, 1.10) in TB patients with hepatitis B, and 1.46 (0.21, 10.06) in TB patients with pneumosilicosis. In elderly TB patients the RR was 1.22 (1.13, 1.32). Analysis of each time point during the follow-up period showed that M. vaccae could help to improve the removal of acid-fast bacilli from the sputum, and promote improvement of radiological focal lesions and cavity closure. Compared with the control group, the differences in levels of immunological indicators of Th1 such as IL-2 and TNF-α were not statistical significant (P = 0.65 and 0.31 respectively), and neither was that of IL-6 produced by Th2 (P = 0.52). An effect of M. vaccae of prevention of liver damage was found in TB patients with hepatitis B (RR 0.20 and 95% CI (0.12, 0.33). No systemic adverse events were reported.
conclusionAdded to chemotherapy, M. vaccae is helpful in the treatment of never-treated TB patients in terms of improving both sputum conversion and X-ray appearances.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.