Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21900310›Full record

ArticleBiology letters2012

Mid-Cretaceous charred fossil flowers reveal direct observation of arthropod feeding strategies.

Christoph Hartkopf-Fröder, Jes Rust, Torsten Wappler, Else Marie Friis, Agnes Viehofen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biology letters, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Early Cretaceous angiosperms and beetle evolution.Frontiers in plant science · 2013
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Christoph Hartkopf-FröderGeological Survey of North Rhine-Westphalia, Krefeld, Germany. hartkopf-froeder@gd.nrw.de
Jes Rust
Torsten Wappler
Else Marie Friis
Agnes Viehofen

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although plant-arthropod relationships underpin the dramatic rise in diversity and ecological dominance of flowering plants and their associated arthropods, direct observations of such interactions in the fossil record are rare, as these ephemeral moments are difficult to preserve. Three-dimensionally preserved charred remains of Chloranthistemon flowers from the Late Albian to Early Cenomanian of Germany preserve scales of mosquitoes and an oribatid mite with mouthparts inserted into the pollen sac. Mosquitoes, which today are frequent nectar feeders, and the mite were feeding on pollen at the time wildfire consumed the flowers. These findings document directly arthropod feeding strategies and their role in decomposition.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionFossilsAcariAnimalsCulicidaeFeeding BehaviorFlowersGermanyMagnoliopsidaMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningPaleontologyPollen

Identifiers

PMID21900310
PMCPMC3297371

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.