ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2011
The clinical phenotype of trachomatous trichiasis in Ethiopia: not all trichiasis is due to entropion.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for trachoma trichiasis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- The prevention and management of postoperative trachomatous trichiasis: A systematic review.Survey of ophthalmologyPooled it
- Oral doxycycline for the prevention of postoperative trachomatous trichiasis in Ethiopia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2018Trial
- Predictors of Trachomatous Trichiasis Surgery Outcome.Ophthalmology · 2017Trial
- Posterior lamellar versus bilamellar tarsal rotation surgery for trachomatous trichiasis in Ethiopia: a randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2016Trial
- Epilation for minor trachomatous trichiasis: four-year results of a randomised controlled trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Trial
- Trichiasis with and without tarsal conjunctival scarring: A multi-country observational study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Insights into Pathogenesis of Trachoma.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Validation of a New Duplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction forDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Trachoma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- A national survey integrating clinical, laboratory, and WASH data to determine the typology of trachoma in Nauru.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Effect of repeated epilation for minor trachomatous trichiasis on lash burden, phenotype and surgical management willingness: A cohort study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Article
- Anterior Lamellar Recession versus Posterior Lamellar Tarsal Rotation for Lower Lid Trachomatous Trichiasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- The global burden of trichiasis in 2016.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Trachoma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Results of 46 Baseline Prevalence Surveys Conducted with the Global Trachoma Mapping Project.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2018Article
- The 2016 Bowman Lecture Conjunctival curses: scarring conjunctivitis 30 years on.Eye (London, England) · 2017Review
- Progress of Trachoma Mapping in Mainland Tanzania: Results of Baseline Surveys from 2012 to 2014.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2016Article
- Baseline Trachoma Surveys in Kaskazini A and Micheweni Districts of Zanzibar: Results of Two Population-Based Prevalence Surveys Conducted with the Global Trachoma Mapping Project.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2016Article
- Cross-Sectional Surveys of the Prevalence of Follicular Trachoma and Trichiasis in The Gambia: Has Elimination Been Reached?PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTrachomatous trichiasis (TT) is usually described as a cicatricial entropion of the upper lid; however, other forms of trichiasis have been reported. This variation in clinical phenotype is potentially important for treatment guidelines. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the range of disease type and severity encompassed by TT.
methodsIndividuals presenting with TT to surgical treatment campaigns were examined by a single ophthalmologist using the Detailed WHO Trachoma Grading System. Additional features were graded, including type of trichiatic lashes (metaplastic, misdirected, and entropic), lower lid trichiasis, entropion severity, and lid margin mucocutaneous junction (MCJ) position.
resultsRecruited were 2556 individuals with previously unoperated TT in at least one eye (4310 eyes). The median number of lashes touching the eye was 2 (range, 0 [epilating]-133). Entropion was absent or mild in 2328 (54.0%) eyes, moderate in 1259 (29.2%) eyes, and severe in 723 (16.8%) eyes. Trichiatic lashes were predominantly metaplastic or misdirected (80.2%), rather than secondary to entropion; 4204 (97.7%) had anteroplacement of the MCJ; and lower lid trichiasis was present in 494 (11.5%). Entropion was more severe among those with a low BMI, those who were female, those aged less than 50 years, and those with moderate to severe conjunctival inflammation, central corneal opacity, and severe conjunctival scarring.
conclusionsMany patients with TT have minimal or no entropion. The trichiasis is frequently attributable to metaplastic or misdirected eyelashes. The results of tarsal rotation surgery in TT patients without manifest entropion should be investigated and potentially alternative treatment strategies evaluated.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.