ArticleBMC plant biology2011
Localization of DIR1 at the tissue, cellular and subcellular levels during Systemic Acquired Resistance in Arabidopsis using DIR1:GUS and DIR1:EGFP reporters.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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21 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Resistance of Narrow-Leafed Lupin toInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Identification of DIR1-Dependant Cellular Responses in Guard Cell Systemic Acquired Resistance.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
- Multi-Omics Revealed Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Guard Cell Systemic Acquired Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- The Arabidopsis GPI-Anchored LTPg5 Encoded byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Proteins inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Protocol: an improved method to quantify activation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR).Plant methods · 2019Article
- Plant immune responses - from guard cells and local responses to systemic defense against bacterial pathogens.Plant signaling & behavior · 2019Review
- Depletion of Arabidopsis ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN3 Affects Fatty Acid Composition in the Phloem.Frontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- TaDIR1-2, a Wheat Ortholog of Lipid Transfer Protein AtDIR1 Contributes to Negative Regulation of Wheat Resistance againstFrontiers in plant science · 2017Article
- Orthology Analysis and In Vivo Complementation Studies to Elucidate the Role of DIR1 during Systemic Acquired Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana and Cucumis sativus.Frontiers in plant science · 2016Article
- Mind the gap: Signal movement through plasmodesmata is critical for the manifestation of SAR.Plant signaling & behavior · 2015Article
- Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the putative non-specific lipid transfer proteins in Brassica rapa L.PloS one · 2014Article
- Study of nsLTPs in Lotus japonicus genome reveal a specific epidermal cell member (LjLTP10) regulated by drought stress in aerial organs with a putative role in cutin formation.Plant molecular biology · 2013Article
- Long distance movement of DIR1 and investigation of the role of DIR1-like during systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis.Frontiers in plant science · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSystemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) is an induced resistance response to pathogens, characterized by the translocation of a long-distance signal from induced leaves to distant tissues to prime them for increased resistance to future infection. DEFECTIVE in INDUCED RESISTANCE 1 (DIR1) has been hypothesized to chaperone a small signaling molecule to distant tissues during SAR in Arabidopsis.
resultsDIR1 promoter:DIR1-GUS/dir1-1 lines were constructed to examine DIR1 expression. DIR1 is expressed in seedlings, flowers and ubiquitously in untreated or mock-inoculated mature leaf cells, including phloem sieve elements and companion cells. Inoculation of leaves with SAR-inducing avirulent or virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) resulted in Type III Secretion System-dependent suppression of DIR1 expression in leaf cells. Transient expression of fluorescent fusion proteins in tobacco and intercellular washing fluid experiments indicated that DIR1's ER signal sequence targets it for secretion to the cell wall. However, DIR1 expressed without a signal sequence rescued the dir1-1 SAR defect, suggesting that a cytosolic pool of DIR1 is important for the SAR response.
conclusionsAlthough expression of DIR1 decreases during SAR induction, the protein localizes to all living cell types of the vasculature, including companion cells and sieve elements, and therefore DIR1 is well situated to participate in long-distance signaling during SAR.
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