ArticleImmunology2011
Long-term carriers generate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) polyfunctional T-cell responses which show immunodominance hierarchies of EBV proteins.
Article in Immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- A tonsil organoid model reveals Epstein-Barr virus-infected germinal center B cell states during primary infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The research progress of the synergistic effect of Epstein-Barr virus andFrontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Retrospective Review of Children Hospitalized for Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Infectious Mononucleosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr virus, vitamin D and the immune response: connections with consequences for multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Epstein-Barr virus-specific T-cell response in pediatric liver transplant recipients: a cross-sectional study by multiparametric flow cytometry.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of host cellular responses to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in adult lung transplant patients with EBV-associated diseases.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Suppression of cGAS- and RIG-I-mediated innate immune signaling by Epstein-Barr virus deubiquitinase BPLF1.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Roles of Lytic Viral Replication and Co-Infections in the Oncogenesis and Immune Control of the Epstein-Barr Virus.Cancers · 2021Review
- Biomarkers for PTLD diagnosis and therapies.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Review
- Co-infection of Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Diminishes the Frequency of CD56Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Primary EBV Infection Induces an Acute Wave of Activated Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic CD4Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- The T-cell Response to Epstein-Barr Virus-New Tricks From an Old Dog.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Viral-Targeted Strategies Against EBV-Associated Lymphoproliferative Diseases.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
- Emergence of CD4+ and CD8+ Polyfunctional T Cell Responses Against Immunodominant Lytic and Latent EBV Antigens in Children With Primary EBV Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Human immunity against EBV-lessons from the clinic.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2017Review
- Broad-Based CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus Susceptibility in Activated PI3Kδ Syndrome (APDS) Immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Epstein-Barr virus-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes from diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients are functionally impaired.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2015Article
- Measurement of CD8+ and CD4+ T Cell Frequencies Specific for EBV LMP1 and LMP2a Using mRNA-Transfected DCs.PloS one · 2015Article
- A recombinant modified vaccinia ankara vaccine encoding Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) target antigens: a phase I trial in UK patients with EBV-positive cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T cells simultaneously producing multiple cytokines and possessing cytotoxic capacity termed polyfunctional cells (PFCs) are increasingly recognized as the immune correlate of protection against pathogenic viruses. We investigated co-expression of four cytokines (interferon-γ, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-2) and degranulation capacity (CD107a surface expression) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) -specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells upon stimulation by overlapping peptides of EBV lytic (BZLF1) and latent (EBNA1, EBNA3 and LMP2) proteins, in 20 healthy Chinese long-term carriers. Two patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), who had impaired T-cell immunity, were studied for comparison. Both EBV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) PFCs were readily generated in long-term carriers and showed immunodominance hierarchies of latent proteins (EBNA1 > EBNA3/LMP2 and EBNA3 > LMP2 > EBNA1 for CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, respectively), as evidenced by a higher proportion of PFCs generated by immunodominant EBV proteins than by subdominant viral proteins. In contrast, the proportion of EBV-specific PFCs was markedly decreased in patients with PTLD. The EBV-specific PFCs produced more cytokine per cell than single-functional T cells and comprised different subsets. Five-functional CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were detected and four-functional CD4(+) T cells were mainly CD107a negative and expressed all four cytokines whereas four-functional CD8(+) T cells were mainly CD107a positive and expressed three of the four cytokines (interleukin-2-negative). We conclude that EBV-specific PFCs are generated in much higher proportions in the long-term carriers than in the patients with PTLD and maintain the immunodominant characteristics of the virus.
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