Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21893672›Full record

SynthesisNeurology2011

Incidence of epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anthony K Ngugi, S M Kariuki, C Bottomley, I Kleinschmidt, J W Sander, C R Newton

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative StudyMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neurology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06634901 (The Impact of Health Literacy Education on Knowledge, Treatment Adherence and Stigma Among Adolescents With Epilepsy), which is not on this map. Cited by 151 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
151citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06634901 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

The Impact of Health Literacy Education on Knowledge, Treatment Adherence and Stigma Among Adolescents With Epilepsy

TypeinterventionalSponsorDuke UniversityRan2026 to 2027Enrolled60ConditionsEpilepsyArmsHealth Literacy Educational Session- Comparator, Health Literacy Educational Session
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

151 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Perampanel add-on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Prognosis of adults and children following a first unprovoked seizure.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Epilepsy (generalised).BMJ clinical evidence · 2012
    Pooled it
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anthony K NgugiCentre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, KEMRI, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. angugi@kilifi.kemri-wellcome.org
S M Kariuki
C Bottomley
I Kleinschmidt
J W Sander
C R Newton

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council G0700837Wellcome Trust 083744Wellcome Trust 095009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate the pooled incidence of epilepsy from published studies and investigate sources of heterogeneity in the estimates.

methodsWe searched online databases for incidence studies and used meta-analytic methods to analyze the data.

resultsThirty-three articles met the entry criteria. The median incidence of epilepsy was 50.4/100,000/year (interquartile range [IQR] 33.6-75.6), while it was 45.0 (IQR 30.3-66.7) for high-income countries and 81.7 (IQR 28.0-239.5) for low- and middle-income countries. Population-based studies had higher incidence estimates than hospital-based studies (p = 0.02) while retrospective study design was associated with lower estimates than prospective studies (p = 0.04).

conclusionWe provide data that could potentially be used to assess the burden and analyze the trends in incidence of epilepsy. Our results support the need for large population-based incidence studies of epilepsy.

Indexed as

Databases, FactualEpilepsyHumansIncidence

Identifiers

PMID21893672
PMCPMC3171955

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.