ReviewThe British journal of ophthalmology2011
The oil spill in ageing Bruch membrane.
Review in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 229 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
229 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 377 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipids, lipid genes, and incident age-related macular degeneration: the three continent age-related macular degeneration consortium.American journal of ophthalmology · 2014Pooled it
- Association Between the Cilioretinal Artery and Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Secondary Analysis From the Age-Related Eye Disease Study.JAMA ophthalmology · 2018Trial
- Systematic Analysis of Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Enriched Samples in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Reveals Oxidative Stress Linked to Altered Lipid and Protein Profiles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Fluorescence lifetimes and choriocapillaris flow deficits in intermediate age-related macular degeneration: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- An Integrated Multi-omics Single Cell Atlas of the Human RPE and Choroid.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- ApoE- and Cfh-deficient mice exhibit structural and molecular features of human early-intermediate retinal degeneration.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Impaired Rod-Mediated Vision is the Functional Hallmark of Ageing and Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- An siRNA targetingMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Epigenetic-Mitochondrial-Metabolic Crosstalk in Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) Dysfunction in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD).Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- PCSK9 Inhibitor Use and the Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Parafoveal Dark Adaptation in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Choriocapillaris Flow Deficits Are Spatially Linked to Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Photoreceptor Integrity in Geographic Atrophy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- The Science of Rod-Mediated Dark Adaptation, an Outcome Measure for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The 2025 Proctor Medal Lecture.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Retinal phenotype of APOB100 transgenic mice on a Western diet with human-like hyperlipidemia and cholesterol crystals in the retina and choroid.Lab animal · 2026Article
- High-Resolution OCT Profiling of Bruch's Membrane in Extensive Macular Atrophy With Pseudodrusen-Like Appearance and Geographic Atrophy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- A new perspective on AMD pathogenesis: a sequential Factor H-centered view of complement dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Zinc in eye health, retinal biology and disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Article
- Patient-level forecasting of geographic atrophy with a biologically grounded Gompertz model.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
169 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ageing is the largest risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and soft drusen and basal linear deposits are lipid-rich extracellular lesions specific to AMD. Oil red O binding neutral lipid represents a major age-related deposition in the Bruch membrane (BrM) and the first identified druse component. Decades after these seminal observations, a natural history of neutral lipid deposition has been articulated and a biochemical model proposed. Results obtained with multiple biochemical, histochemical, and ultrastructural methods, and supported indirectly by epidemiology, suggest that the RPE secretes apolipoprotein B (apoB)-lipoprotein particles of unusual composition into BrM, where they accumulate with age eventually forming a lipid wall, a precursor of basal linear deposit. The authors propose that constituents of these lesions interact with reactive oxygen species to form pro-inflammatory peroxidised lipids that elicit neovascularisation. Here, the authors summarise key evidence supporting both accumulation of BrM lipoproteins leading to lesion formation and lipoprotein production by the RPE. The authors update their model with genetic associations between AMD and genes historically associated with plasma HDL metabolism, and suggest future directions for research and therapeutic strategies based on an oil-spill analogy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.