ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2011
Nitric oxide formation by lymphatic bulb and valves is a major regulatory component of lymphatic pumping.
Article in American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phototherapy of Alzheimer's Disease: Photostimulation of Brain Lymphatics during Sleep: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Compression Stockings on Elevation of Leg Lymph Pumping Pressure and Improvement of Quality of Life in Healthy Female Volunteers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Lymphatic research and biology · 2016Trial
- Inflammatory Signal Persistence in Pain: Lymphatic Regulation and Neuroimmune Integration.Biology · 2026Review
- Pacemaking in the lymphatic system.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
- New Strategies for the Prevention and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Stimulation of Brain Drainage and Lymphatic Clearance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuro-lymphaphotonics opens new horizons of the future technologies for the therapy of brain diseases.Theranostics · 2026Review
- NO-ergic mechanisms of age differences in photostimulation of lymphatic drainage, filtration, and clearance.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- 1275-nm Photobiomodulation Alleviates Brain Drainage Impairment as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Aging-Related Neurological Decline.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Control of lymphatic pacemaking and pumping by mechanobiological signals.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Plasma Volume Oscillations During Intravenous Infusion of Hyper-Oncotic Albumin.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Understanding the Lymphatic System: Tissue-on-Chip Modeling.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- Age as a limiting factor for effectiveness of photostimulation of brain drainage and cognitive functions.Frontiers of optoelectronics · 2025Article
- Overview of Lymphatic Muscle Cells in Development, Physiology, and Disease.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2024Review
- Acute Metabolic Stress Induces Lymphatic Dysfunction Through KATP Channel Activation.Function (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- The Lymphatic Vascular System: Does Nonuniform Lymphangion Length Limit Flow-Rate?Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2024Article
- Promising Strategies to Reduce the SARS-CoV-2 Amyloid Deposition in the Brain and Prevent COVID-19-Exacerbated Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Fluid dynamics and leukocyte transit in the lymphatic system.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Computational fluid dynamic modeling of the lymphatic system: a review of existing models and future directions.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Technology of the photobiostimulation of the brain's drainage system during sleep for improvement of learning and memory in male mice.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microscopic lymphatics produce nitric oxide (NO) during contraction as flow shear activates the endothelial cells. The valve leaflets and bulbous valve housing contain a large amount of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) due both to many endothelial cells and increased expression of eNOS. Direct NO measurements indicate the valve area has a 30-50% higher NO concentration ([NO]) than tubular regions although both regions generate equivalent relative increases in [NO] with each contraction. We hypothesize that 1) the greater eNOS and [NO] of the bulb region would have greater effects to lower pumping activity of the overall lymphatic than occurs in tubular regions and 2), the elevated [NO] in the bulb region may be because of high NO production in the valve leaflets that diffuses to the wall of the bulb. Measurement of [NO] with a micropipette inside the lymphatic bulb revealed the valve leaflets generate ~50% larger [NO] than the bulb wall in the in vivo rat mesenteric lymphatics. The valves add NO to the lymph that quickly diffuses to the bulb wall. Bradykinin locally released iontophoretically from a micropipette on both bulbs and tubes increased the [NO] in a dose-dependent manner up to ~50%, demonstrating agonist activation of the NO pathway. However, pumping output determined by contraction frequency and stroke volume decreased much more for the bulb than tubular areas in response to the bradykinin. In effect, NO generation by the bulb area and its valves limits the pumped flow of the total lymphatic by lowering frequency and stroke volume of individual contractions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.