ArticleCarcinogenesis2011
Activation of the mTOR pathway by low levels of xenoestrogens in breast epithelial cells from high-risk women.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parabens and estrogen-mediated cancers: unraveling coincidence, co-occurrence, and causality.npj women's health · 2026Review
- The Conflict between Regulatory Agencies over the 20,000-Fold Lowering of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for Bisphenol A (BPA) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Quercetin and Its Fermented Extract as a Potential Inhibitor of Bisphenol A-Exposed HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells' Viability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Current Evidence on Bisphenol A Exposure and the Molecular Mechanism Involved in Related Pathological Conditions.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- The Effect of Metalloestrogens on the Effectiveness of Aromatase Inhibitors in a Hormone-Dependent Breast Cancer Cell Model.Cancers · 2023Article
- Multiple circRNAs regulated by QKI5 conjointly spongemiR-214-3p to antagonize bisphenol A-inducedspermatocyte toxicity.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2022Article
- Parabens Permeation through Biological Membranes: A Comparative Study Using Franz Cell Diffusion System and Biomimetic Liquid Chromatography.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Multimodal interactions of drugs, natural compounds and pollutants with the gut microbiota.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Visceral obesity and cell cycle pathways serve as links in the association between bisphenol A exposure and breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- Oncogenic Potential of Bisphenol A and Common Environmental Contaminants in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- In Utero Exposure to Bisphenol a Promotes Mammary Tumor Risk in MMTV-Erbb2 Transgenic Mice Through the Induction of ER-erbB2 Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Effects of Benzophenone-3 and Propylparaben on Estrogen Receptor-Dependent R-Loops and DNA Damage in Breast Epithelial Cells and Mice.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Article
- The Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol A (BPA) Exerts a Wide Range of Effects in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy.Current molecular pharmacology · 2019Review
- Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1) Is a New Functional Non-Genomic Target of Bisphenol A in Breast Cancer Cells.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- The modulatory role of low concentrations of bisphenol A on tamoxifen-induced proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Asymmetric development of the male mouse mammary gland and its response to a prenatal or postnatal estrogen challenge.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2018Article
- A Ternary Mixture of Common Chemicals Perturbs Benign Human Breast Epithelial Cells More Than the Same Chemicals Do Individually.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2018Article
- Metabolomics Reveals that Dietary Xenoestrogens Alter Cellular Metabolism Induced by Palbociclib/Letrozole Combination Cancer Therapy.Cell chemical biology · 2018Article
- State of the evidence 2017: an update on the connection between breast cancer and the environment.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Review
- Induction of oxidative stress by bisphenol A and its pleiotropic effects.Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is an estrogen-driven disease. Consequently, hormone replacement therapy correlates with disease incidence. However, increasing male breast cancer rates over the past three decades implicate additional sources of estrogenic exposure including wide spread estrogen-mimicking chemicals or xenoestrogens (XEs), such as bisphenol-A (BPA). By exposing renewable, human, high-risk donor breast epithelial cells (HRBECs) to BPA at concentrations that are detectable in human blood, placenta and milk, we previously identified gene expression profile changes associated with activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway genesets likely to trigger prosurvival changes in human breast cells. We now provide functional validation of mTOR activation using pairwise comparisons of 16 independent HRBEC samples with and without BPA exposure. We demonstrate induction of key genes and proteins in the PI3K-mTOR pathway--AKT1, RPS6 and 4EBP1 and a concurrent reduction in the tumor suppressor, phosphatase and tensin homolog gene protein. Altered regulation of mTOR pathway proteins in BPA-treated HRBECs led to marked resistance to rapamycin, the defining mTOR inhibitor. Moreover, HRBECs pretreated with BPA, or the XE, methylparaben (MP), surmounted antiestrogenic effects of tamoxifen showing dose-dependent apoptosis evasion and induction of cell cycling. Overall, XEs, when tested in benign breast cells from multiple human subjects, consistently initiated specific functional changes of the kind that are attributed to malignant onset in breast tissue. Our observations demonstrate the feasibility of studying renewable human samples as surrogates and reinforce the concern that BPA and MP, at low concentrations detected in humans, can have adverse health consequences.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.