Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21889135›Full record

ArticleGastrointestinal endoscopy2011

Esophageal foreign-body impactions: epidemiology, time trends, and the impact of the increasing prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis.

Sarah L W Sperry, Seth D Crockett, C Brock Miller, Nicholas J Shaheen, Evan S Dellon

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
98citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
9.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

98 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 220 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Heartburn and dyspepsia symptom severity improves after treatment and correlates with histology in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis.Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus · 2019
    Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Marked Improvement in Food Impaction Biopsy Rate (FIBR) After Implementation of a Multicenter Behavioral Intervention.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The Dynamic Evolution of Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  17. Exploring the Impact of Gender on the Characteristics and Complications of Eosinophilic Esophagitis.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sarah L W SperryCenter for Esophageal Diseases and Swallowing, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Seth D Crockett
C Brock Miller
Nicholas J Shaheen
Evan S Dellon
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

UNC Clinical Translation Science Award-K12 Scholars Program (KL2)KL2RR025746 · NCRR · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI RUNGE, MARSCHALL S. · 2008 to 2011
$9.0M
DIGESTIVE DISEASES EPIDEMIOLOGY TRAINING PROGRAMT32DK007634 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ROBERT S. SANDLER · 1990 to 2026
$7.4M
North Carolina Translational & Clinical Sciences Institute (NC TraCS)KL2TR001109 · NCATS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BUSE, JOHN BERNARD, CAREY, TIMOTHY S · 2013 to 2017
$5.7M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001109NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR025746NCRR NIH HHS KL2RR025746NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007634NIDDK NIH HHS T32DK007634
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe epidemiology of esophageal foreign-body impaction (EFBI) is poorly described, and the impact of the increasing prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) on this is unknown.

objectiveTo assess the characteristics of patients with EFBI, to determine whether EFBI cases increased in proportion to EoE cases, and to identify predictors of EFBI.

designRetrospective study.

settingTertiary care center. PATIENTS: Cases of EFBI from 2002 to 2009 were identified by querying billing, clinical, and endoscopy databases for the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification code 935.1, "foreign body in the esophagus." Charts were reviewed to confirm EFBI and to extract pertinent data. Cases of EoE were defined per guidelines.

resultsOf 548 patients with EFBI (59% male, 68% white, bimodal age distribution), 482 (88%) required a procedure, 347 (63%) had food impactions, and 51 (9%) had EoE. EFBIs increased over the study time frame, and the number of EGDs performed for EFBI nearly quadrupled. Increasing diagnosis of EoE did not fully account for this trend, but only 27% of patients who underwent EGD had esophageal biopsies. Of patients who underwent biopsy, 46% had EoE. EoE was the strongest predictor of multiple EFBIs (odds ratio 3.5; 95% CI, 1.8-7.0). LIMITATIONS: Retrospective, single-center study.

conclusionsThe number of EGDs performed for EFBI has increased dramatically at our center, but increasing EoE prevalence only partially explains this trend. Because only a minority of EFBI patients underwent biopsies and because nearly half of those who did undergo biopsy had EoE, the incidence of EoE may be substantially underestimated. Physician education is needed to increase the proportion of subjects with EFBI who undergo biopsies.

Indexed as

EsophagusAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolEndoscopy, Digestive SystemEosinophilic EsophagitisFemaleFoodForeign BodiesGastroesophageal RefluxHumansIncidenceInfant

Identifiers

PMID21889135
PMCPMC3951006
OpenAlexW2144396576

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.