ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2011
BCG vaccination induces different cytokine profiles following infant BCG vaccination in the UK and Malawi.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in BRICS countries with a high tuberculosis burden: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Pooled it
- Neonatal BCG Vaccination Reduces Interferon-γ Responsiveness to Heterologous Pathogens in Infants From a Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Live Attenuated Zoster Vaccine Boosts Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)-Specific Humoral Responses Systemically and at the Cervicovaginal Mucosa of Kenyan VZV-Seropositive Women.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- BCG vaccination at birth and early childhood hospitalisation: a randomised clinical multicentre trial.Archives of disease in childhood · 2017Trial
- Immune activation alters cellular and humoral responses to yellow fever 17D vaccine.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2014Trial
- Maturation of innate responses to mycobacteria over the first nine months of life.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
- VRC01-CLASS PRECURSOR FREQUENCY IN AN AFRICAN POPULATION IS INFLUENCED BY IGHV1-2 ALLELIC COMPOSITION AND NOT MALARIA EXPOSURE.Research square · 2026Article
- Rethinking Neonatal Vaccination Policies: A Neuroimmune Perspective.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Multi-dimensional analysis of B cells reveals the expansion of memory and regulatory B-cell clusters in humans living in rural tropical areas.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- BAFF and APRIL immunotherapy following Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination enhances protection against pulmonary tuberculosis in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Recombinant BCG expressing the LTAK63 adjuvant increased memory T cells and induced long-lasting protection againstFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Can what have we learnt about BCG vaccination in the last 20 years help us to design a better tuberculosis vaccine?Vaccine · 2022Review
- BCG Specific and Nonspecific Effects: Different Questions, Similar Challenges.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Effect of Helicobacter pylori and Helminth Coinfection on the Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Current microbiology · 2021Review
- Immune Responses Following BCG Immunization of Infants in Uganda and United Kingdom Are Similar for Purified Protein Derivative but Differ for Secretory Proteins ofFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Vaccine Development Against Tuberculosis Over the Last 140 Years: Failure as Part of Success.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Immunological Considerations forFrontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Obese communities among the best predictors of COVID-19-related deaths.Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism · 2020Article
- Interactions between helminths and tuberculosis infections: Implications for tuberculosis diagnosis and vaccination in Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBCG vaccination of infants is thought to provide good protection in all settings. This study investigated whether Malawian infants made weaker responses across a cytokine panel after BCG vaccination, compared with UK infants.
methodsDiluted whole-blood samples were cultured with Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative for 6 days from BCG-vaccinated infants 3 months (n = 40 Malawi, 28 UK) and 12 months (n = 34 Malawi, 26 UK) after vaccination, and also from UK unvaccinated infants (n = 9 at 3 months, n = 10 at 12 months). Forty-two cytokines were measured in supernatants using a multiplex bead array assay. Principal component analysis was used to summarize the overall patterns in cytokine responses.
resultsWe found differences in median responses in 27 of the 42 cytokines: 7 higher in the UK and 20 higher in Malawi. The cytokines with higher responses in the UK were all T helper 1 related. The cytokines with higher responses in Malawi included innate proinflammatory cytokines, regulatory cytokines, interleukin 17, T helper 2 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Principal component analysis separated the BCG-vaccinated infants from Malawi from the UK vaccinated infants and from the unvaccinated infants.
conclusionsMalawian infants make cytokine responses following BCG vaccination, but the cytokine profile is different from that in the UK. The different biosignatures following BCG vaccination in the 2 settings may indicate variability in the protective efficacy of infant BCG vaccination.
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