Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21878562›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

Horizontal gene transfer facilitated the evolution of plant parasitic mechanisms in the oomycetes.

Thomas A Richards, Darren M Soanes, Meredith D M Jones, Olga Vasieva, Guy Leonard, Konrad Paszkiewicz, Peter G Foster, Neil Hall, Nicholas J Talbot

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
117citing papers in PubMed
30.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

117 citing papers in PubMed, 253 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Reversal to osmotrophy in eukaryotes.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026
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  3. Endophytic entomopathogenic fungi: The next frontier in mycological biocontrol.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  4. Harnessing endophytes and Multi-Omics for sustainable Colchicine biosynthesis.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Genome-Wide Analysis of Oxidosqualene Cyclase Genes inCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025
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  10. Article
  11. Review
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  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
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  17. Article
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  20. Article

57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Thomas A RichardsBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom. thomr@nhm.ac.uk
Darren M Soanes
Meredith D M Jones
Olga Vasieva
Guy Leonard
Konrad Paszkiewicz
Peter G Foster
Neil Hall
Nicholas J Talbot
University of Exeter · GBNatural History Museum · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/G00885X/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) can radically alter the genomes of microorganisms, providing the capacity to adapt to new lifestyles, environments, and hosts. However, the extent of HGT between eukaryotes is unclear. Using whole-genome, gene-by-gene phylogenetic analysis we demonstrate an extensive pattern of cross-kingdom HGT between fungi and oomycetes. Comparative genomics, including the de novo genome sequence of Hyphochytrium catenoides, a free-living sister of the oomycetes, shows that these transfers largely converge within the radiation of oomycetes that colonize plant tissues. The repertoire of HGTs includes a large number of putatively secreted proteins; for example, 7.6% of the secreted proteome of the sudden oak death parasite Phytophthora ramorum has been acquired from fungi by HGT. Transfers include gene products with the capacity to break down plant cell walls and acquire sugars, nucleic acids, nitrogen, and phosphate sources from the environment. Predicted HGTs also include proteins implicated in resisting plant defense mechanisms and effector proteins for attacking plant cells. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that some oomycetes became successful plant parasites by multiple acquisitions of genes from fungi.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionFungiGene Transfer, HorizontalHost-Parasite InteractionsPhylogenyPhytophthoraPlantsProteomeProteome

Identifiers

PMID21878562
PMCPMC3174590
OpenAlexW2006291275

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.