Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21875935›Full record

ArticleGenome research2011

Discriminative prediction of mammalian enhancers from DNA sequence.

Dongwon Lee, Rachel Karchin, Michael A Beer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 164 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
164citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

164 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  6. In silico prediction of variant effects: promises and limitations for precision plant breeding.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
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  12. Overview and Prospects of DNA Sequence Visualization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
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  16. Machine and Deep Learning Methods for Predicting 3D Genome Organization.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Predicting Promoters in Multiple Prokaryotes with Prompt.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

104 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Dongwon LeeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Rachel Karchin
Michael A Beer

Funding

Development of a Neuronal Regulatory LexiconR01NS062972 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MCCALLION, ANDREW S · 2009 to 2018
$4.1M
NINDS NIH HHS NS062972NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS062972
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurately predicting regulatory sequences and enhancers in entire genomes is an important but difficult problem, especially in large vertebrate genomes. With the advent of ChIP-seq technology, experimental detection of genome-wide EP300/CREBBP bound regions provides a powerful platform to develop predictive tools for regulatory sequences and to study their sequence properties. Here, we develop a support vector machine (SVM) framework which can accurately identify EP300-bound enhancers using only genomic sequence and an unbiased set of general sequence features. Moreover, we find that the predictive sequence features identified by the SVM classifier reveal biologically relevant sequence elements enriched in the enhancers, but we also identify other features that are significantly depleted in enhancers. The predictive sequence features are evolutionarily conserved and spatially clustered, providing further support of their functional significance. Although our SVM is trained on experimental data, we also predict novel enhancers and show that these putative enhancers are significantly enriched in both ChIP-seq signal and DNase I hypersensitivity signal in the mouse brain and are located near relevant genes. Finally, we present results of comparisons between other EP300/CREBBP data sets using our SVM and uncover sequence elements enriched and/or depleted in the different classes of enhancers. Many of these sequence features play a role in specifying tissue-specific or developmental-stage-specific enhancer activity, but our results indicate that some features operate in a general or tissue-independent manner. In addition to providing a high confidence list of enhancer targets for subsequent experimental investigation, these results contribute to our understanding of the general sequence structure of vertebrate enhancers.

Indexed as

CREB-Binding ProteinAnimalsCerebral CortexGenomeGenome-Wide Association StudyMiceNeuronsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisOrgan SpecificityResponse ElementsSequence Analysis, DNACREB-Binding ProteinCrebbp protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID21875935
PMCPMC3227105

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.