Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21875581›Full record

ReviewExperimental parasitology2012

Immune modulation and modulators in Heligmosomoides polygyrus infection.

Rick M Maizels, James P Hewitson, Janice Murray, Yvonne M Harcus, Blaise Dayer, Kara J Filbey, John R Grainger, Henry J McSorley, Lisa A Reynolds, Katherine A Smith

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Experimental parasitology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
88citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

88 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Regional organization of nutrient absorption across the small intestine.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
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  10. The genome sequence ofWellcome open research · 2026
    Article
  11. Parasitology · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. A secreted fatty acid- and retinol- binding protein frombioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rick M MaizelsInstitute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. rick.maizels@ed.ac.uk
James P Hewitson
Janice Murray
Yvonne M Harcus
Blaise Dayer
Kara J Filbey
John R Grainger
Henry J McSorley
Lisa A Reynolds
Katherine A Smith
University of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The intestinal nematode parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri exerts widespread immunomodulatory effects on both the innate and adaptive immune system of the host. Infected mice adopt an immunoregulated phenotype, with abated allergic and autoimmune reactions. At the cellular level, infection is accompanied by expanded regulatory T cell populations, skewed dendritic cell and macrophage phenotypes, B cell hyperstimulation and multiple localised changes within the intestinal environment. In most mouse strains, these act to block protective Th2 immunity. The molecular basis of parasite interactions with the host immune system centres upon secreted products termed HES (H. polygyrus excretory-secretory antigen), which include a TGF-β-like ligand that induces de novo regulatory T cells, factors that modify innate inflammatory responses, and molecules that block allergy in vivo. Proteomic and transcriptomic definition of parasite proteins, combined with biochemical identification of immunogenic molecules in resistant mice, will provide new candidate immunomodulators and vaccine antigens for future research.

Indexed as

ImmunomodulationAdaptive ImmunityAnimalsAntibodies, HelminthAntibody SpecificityAntigens, HelminthB-LymphocytesCytokinesDendritic CellsHumansImmunity, InnateMiceNematospiroides dubiusPhenotypeStrongylida InfectionsT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryAntibodies, HelminthAntigens, HelminthCytokines

Identifiers

PMID21875581
PMCPMC6485391
OpenAlexW2047299907

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.