ArticleMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2011
Testosterone-induced hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis of cardiac cells--an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.
Article in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Inflammaging and Senescence-Driven Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Age-Associated Cardiovascular Disease.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Effects of Age, Sex, and Exercise on Measurement of Serum CTnI Levels and Some Parameters Related to the Cardiovascular Capacity of Caspian Horses.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosomes and Sex Hormones: Dissecting the Forces That Differentiate Female and Male Hearts.Circulation · 2025Review
- Mitochondria and NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiac hypertrophy.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Differences in Androgen Receptor Expression in Human Heart Tissue in Various Types of Cardiomyopathy and in Aortic Valve Stenosis.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Article
- Risk Factors and Cellular Differences in Heart Failure: The Key Role of Sex Hormones.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Circulating levels and prognostic cut-offs of sST2, hs-cTnT, and NT-proBNP in women vs. men with chronic heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2022Article
- The implications of hyperoxia, type 1 diabetes and sex on cardiovascular physiology in mice.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Sex-Specific Impacts of Exercise on Cardiovascular Remodeling.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND): Non-proliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Non-human Primate (Journal of toxicologic pathology · 2021Review
- Sudden Cardiac Death in Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Users: A Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Review
- Sex-related differences in contemporary biomarkers for heart failure: a review.European journal of heart failure · 2020Review
- Gender-Related Differences in Heart Failure Biomarkers.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Review
- Supraphysiological Levels of Testosterone Induce Vascular Dysfunction via Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Chronic high-dose testosterone treatment: impact on rat cardiac contractile biology.Physiological reports · 2019Article
- Cardiac myocyte proliferation and maturation near term is inhibited by early gestation maternal testosterone exposure.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2018Article
- Differences of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Expression between Left and Right Ventricles in Response to Nandrolone Decanoate and/or Swimming Training in Mice.Chinese medical journal · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAndrogen abuse is an increasing problem amongst professional and amateur athletes. Moreover, testosterone, apart from its widely accepted indications, is used for a variety of other indications such as aging and ischemia. Its actions are mainly attributed to a specific genomic mechanism through the androgen receptor, but emerging evidence reveals non-genomic effects as well. The use of androgens has been linked with several adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of testosterone on the morphology and the ultrastructure of the myocardium and to investigate the possible role of apoptosis. MATERIAL/
methodsWe used 12 adult male Wistar rats, separated into 2 groups. Group A consisted of 6 rats that were administered high doses of testosterone enanthate, while group B consisted of 6 male Wistar rats that received placebo (normal saline) intramuscularly. After the last day of treatment, all rats were anesthetized and sacrificed, and the hearts were removed and processed for optical and electron microscopy and immunohistochemical detection of caspase-3, an apoptosis marker.
resultsWe found significant myocardial hypertrophy along with abundant ultrastructural alterations. The immunohistochemical staining of the myocardial cells for caspase-3 was positive in group A (experimental group), which is interpreted as an activation of apoptosis by testosterone treatment.
conclusionsTestosterone abuse has serious adverse effects, including myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and activation of apoptosis. These findings need to be taken into account whenever androgens are prescribed to improve performance or as hormone therapy.
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