ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Concerted action of two avirulent spore effectors activates Reaction to Puccinia graminis 1 (Rpg1)-mediated cereal stem rust resistance.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated Functional Characterization of Hemileia vastatrix Effector Candidates Reveals Coordinated Immune Suppression, Sequential Deployment and Compartment-Specific Targeting.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- Volatiles released by undamaged plants mediate the adaptive growth strategies in neighbors.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- Virulence on Pm4 kinase-based resistance is determined by two divergent wheat powdery mildew effectors.Nature plants · 2026Article
- Wheat tandem kinase RWT4 directly binds a fungal effector to activate defense.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Genomics Research on the Road of Studying Biology and Virulence of Cereal Rust Fungi.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Review
- Diverse epistatic effects in barley-powdery mildew interactions localize to host chromosome hotspots.iScience · 2024Article
- Uncovering the Mechanisms: The Role of Biotrophic Fungi in Activating or Suppressing Plant Defense Responses.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Association mapping with a diverse population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici identified avirulence loci interacting with the barley Rpg1 stem rust resistance gene.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Tandem Protein Kinases Emerge as New Regulators of Plant Immunity.Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI · 2021Review
- Wide-ranging transcriptomic analysis of Poncirus trifoliata, Citrus sunki, Citrus sinensis and contrasting hybrids reveals HLB tolerance mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Transcriptome analysis of Eucalyptus grandis genotypes reveals constitutive overexpression of genes related to rust (Austropuccinia psidii) resistance.Plant molecular biology · 2020Article
- The role of reactive oxygen species in the virulence of wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina.Environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Review
- Temporal Quantitative Changes in the Resistant and Susceptible Wheat Leaf Apoplastic Proteome During Infection by Wheat Leaf Rust (Frontiers in plant science · 2019Article
- Arms race: diverse effector proteins with conserved motifs.Plant signaling & behavior · 2019Article
- PyramidingFrontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- The early response during the interaction of fungal phytopathogen and host plant.Open biology · 2017Review
- Cellular and molecular characterization of a stem rust resistance locus on wheat chromosome 7AL.BMC research notes · 2016Article
- Molecular and genetic characterization of barley mutants and genetic mapping of mutant rpr2 required for Rpg1-mediated resistance against stem rust.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2016Article
- Elucidating the Role of Effectors in Plant-Fungal Interactions: Progress and Challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The barley stem rust resistance gene Reaction to Puccinia graminis 1 (Rpg1), encoding a receptor-like kinase, confers durable resistance to the stem rust pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. The fungal urediniospores form adhesion structures with the leaf epidermal cells within 1 h of inoculation, followed by hyphae and haustorium formation. The RPG1 protein is constitutively expressed and not phosphorylated. On inoculation with avirulent urediniospores, it is phosphorylated in vivo within 5 min and subsequently degraded. Application of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide loops prevented the formation of adhesion structures for spore attachment, the phosphorylation of RPG1, and germination of the viable spores. Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid affinity chromatography of proteins from the ungerminated avirulent rust spores led to the purification and identification of a protein with fibronectin type III and breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein domains and a vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 9 with a coupling of ubiquitin to endoplasmic reticulum degradation domain. Both proteins are required to induce in vivo phosphorylation and degradation of RPG1. Combined application of both proteins caused hypersensitive reaction on the stem rust-resistant cultivar Morex but not on the susceptible cultivar Steptoe. Expression studies indicated that mRNA of both genes are present in ungerminated urediniospores and are constitutively transcribed in sporelings, infected leaves, and haustoria in the investigated avirulent races. Evidence is presented that RPG1, in yeast, interacts with the two protein effectors from the urediniospores that activate cooperatively the stem rust resistance protein RPG1 long before haustoria formation.
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