ArticleVaccine2011
Protective immunity to ricin toxin conferred by antibodies against the toxin's binding subunit (RTB).
Article in Vaccine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory Profiles Induced by Intranasal Immunization with Ricin Toxin-immune Complexes.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- The Search for Antidotes Against Ricin.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Targeting the Inside of Cells with Biologicals: Toxin Routes in a Therapeutic Context.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2023Review
- An intranasally administered monoclonal antibody cocktail abrogates ricin toxin-induced pulmonary tissue damage and inflammation.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Article
- Targeting Macromolecules to CNS and Other Hard-to-Treat Organs Using Lectin-Mediated Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Sites of vulnerability on ricin B chain revealed through epitope mapping of toxin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies.PloS one · 2020Article
- Sensitivity of Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells to ricin toxin and ricin toxin-Ab complexes.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2019Article
- Review
- Characterization of MicroRNA and Gene Expression Profiles Following Ricin Intoxication.Toxins · 2019Article
- Article
- Fine-Specificity Epitope Analysis Identifies Contact Points on Ricin Toxin Recognized by Protective Monoclonal Antibodies.ImmunoHorizons · 2018Article
- RTB lectin-mediated delivery of lysosomal α-l-iduronidase mitigates disease manifestations systemically including the central nervous system.Molecular genetics and metabolism · 2018Article
- High-Resolution Epitope Positioning of a Large Collection of Neutralizing and Nonneutralizing Single-Domain Antibodies on the Enzymatic and Binding Subunits of Ricin Toxin.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- A Supercluster of Neutralizing Epitopes at the Interface of Ricin's Enzymatic (RTA) and Binding (RTB) Subunits.Toxins · 2017Article
- Article
- Review
- Structural Analysis of Single Domain Antibodies Bound to a Second Neutralizing Hot Spot on Ricin Toxin's Enzymatic Subunit.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
- Spatial location of neutralizing and non-neutralizing B cell epitopes on domain 1 of ricin toxin's binding subunit.PloS one · 2017Article
- Progress and challenges associated with the development of ricin toxin subunit vaccines.Expert review of vaccines · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The B subunit (RTB) of ricin toxin is a galactose-/N-acetyl galactosamine-specific lectin that promotes attachment and entry of ricin into host cells. RTB is also the archetype of the so-called R-type lectin family, whose members include haemagglutinins of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) progenitor toxins, as well as the binding subunits of cytolethal distending toxins. Although RTB is an appealing subunit vaccine candidate, as well as a potential target for immunotherapeutics, the degree to which RTB immunization elicits protective antibodies against ricin toxin remains unresolved. To address this issue, groups of mice were immunized with RTB and then challenged with 5×LD(50)s of ricin administered intraperitoneally. Despite high RTB-specific serum antibody titers, groups of RTB immunized mice were only partially immune to ricin challenge. Analysis of a collection of RTB-specific B cell hybridomas suggested that only a small fraction of antibodies against RTB have demonstrable neutralizing activity. Two RTB-specific neutralizing monoclonal IgG(1) antibodies, 24B11 and SylH3, when passively administered to mice, were sufficient to protect the animals against a 5×LD(50) dose of ricin. Both 24B11 and SylH3 blocked ricin attachment to terminal galactose residues and prevented toxin binding to the surfaces of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM), suggesting that they function by steric hindrance and recognize epitopes located on RTB's carbohydrate recognition sub-domains (1α or 2γ). These data raise the possibility of using specific RTB sub-domains, rather than RTB itself, as antigens to more efficiently elicit neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity against ricin.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.