ArticleBMC cancer2011
EFS shows biallelic methylation in uveal melanoma with poor prognosis as well as tissue-specific methylation.
Article in BMC cancer, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Genome-wide aberrant methylation in primary metastatic UM and their matched metastases.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Current molecular and clinical insights into uveal melanoma (Review).International journal of oncology · 2021Review
- Article
- Uveal melanoma: progress in molecular biology and therapeutics.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2020Review
- BAP1 Loss Is Associated with DNA Methylomic Repatterning in Highly Aggressive Class 2 Uveal Melanomas.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2019Article
- Primary and Metastatic Melanoma With NTRK Fusions.The American journal of surgical pathology · 2018Article
- DNA Methylation and Uveal Melanoma.Chinese medical journal · 2018Review
- Genetic and Epigenetic Control of CDKN1C Expression: Importance in Cell Commitment and Differentiation, Tissue Homeostasis and Human Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Epigenetics and Common Ophthalmic Diseases.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2016Review
- Primary and Metastatic Cutaneous Melanomas Express ALK Through Alternative Transcriptional Initiation.The American journal of surgical pathology · 2016Article
- The promoter methylomes of monochorionic twin placentas reveal intrauterine growth restriction-specific variations in the methylation patterns.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Embryonal Fyn-associated substrate (EFS) and CASS4: The lesser-known CAS protein family members.Gene · 2015Review
- Decreased expression of EFS is correlated with the advanced prostate cancer.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015Article
- Skewed expression of the genes encoding epigenetic modifiers in high-risk uveal melanoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- Molecular pathology of uveal melanoma.Eye (London, England) · 2013Review
- Article
- Practical guide to genetic screening for inherited eye diseases.Therapeutic advances in ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUveal melanoma (UM) is a rare eye tumor. There are two classes of UM, which can be discriminated by the chromosome 3 status or global mRNA expression profile. Metastatic progression is predominantly originated from class II tumors or from tumors showing loss of an entire chromosome 3 (monosomy 3). We performed detailed EFS (embryonal Fyn-associated substrate) methylation analyses in UM, cultured uveal melanocytes and normal tissues, to explore the role of the differentially methylated EFS promoter region CpG island in tumor classification and metastatic progression.
methodsEFS methylation was determined by direct sequencing of PCR products from bisulfite-treated DNA or by sequence analysis of individual cloned PCR products. The results were associated with clinical features of tumors and tumor-related death of patients.
resultsAnalysis of 16 UM showed full methylation of the EFS CpG island in 8 (50%), no methylation in 5 (31%) and partial methylation in 3 (19%) tumors. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a higher risk of metastatic progression for tumors with EFS methylation (p = 0.02). This correlation was confirmed in an independent set of 24 randomly chosen tumors. Notably, only UM with EFS methylation gave rise to metastases. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis revealed a significant inverse correlation of EFS mRNA expression with EFS methylation in UM. We further found that EFS methylation is tissue-specific with full methylation in peripheral blood cells, and no methylation in sperm, cultured primary fibroblasts and fetal muscle, kidney and brain. Adult brain samples, cultured melanocytes from the uveal tract, fetal liver and 3 of 4 buccal swab samples showed partial methylation. EFS methylation always affects both alleles in normal and tumor samples.
conclusionsBiallelic EFS methylation is likely to be the result of a site-directed methylation mechanism. Based on partial methylation as observed in cultured melanocytes we hypothesize that there might be methylated and unmethylated precursor cells located in the uveal tract. The EFS methylation of a UM may depend on which type of precursor cell the tumor originated from.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.