ReviewCNS drugs2011
Neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management.
Review in CNS drugs, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Towards precision medicine for systemic lupus erythematosus and neuropsychiatric manifestations.Expert review of precision medicine and drug development · 2025Article
- Neuropsychiatric Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Peru.European journal of rheumatology · 2023Article
- Neuroimmune Crosstalk in Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of Psychiatric Comorbidities in Epilepsy.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Article
- Intractable Hemophagocytic Syndrome Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Resistant to Corticosteroids and Intravenous Cyclophosphamide That Was Successfully Treated with Cyclosporine A.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2018Article
- Definition of NPSLE: Does the ACR Nomenclature Still Hold?Frontiers in medicine · 2018Review
- A 50-year-old with rapid neuropsychiatric deterioration and choreiform movements.Practical neurology · 2017Article
- Autoantibodies in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Relationship Between Clinical and Immunological Features with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities in Female Patients with Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Chinese medical journal · 2016Article
- Depressive symptoms are associated with tumor necrosis factor alpha in systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2016Article
- Serum interleukin-17 levels are associated with nephritis in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2015Article
- Physical therapy combined with corticosteroid intervention for systemic lupus erythematosus with central nervous system involvement: a case report.Journal of physical therapy science · 2014Article
- New-onset psychiatric disorders after corticosteroid therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus: an observational case-series study.Journal of neurology · 2014Observational
- Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenesis and biomarkers.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2014Review
- R-R interval variation and sympathetic skin response in systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical rheumatology · 2014Article
- Anti-ribosomal P antibodies related to depression in early clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2013Article
- Neuroinflammation and psychiatric illness.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2013Review
- Epilepsy associated with systemic autoimmune disorders.Epilepsy currents · 2013Article
- Chorea as the first and only manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.Case reports in rheumatology · 2012Article
- Neurologic manifestations of autoimmune diseases.Autoimmune diseases · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a relapsing-remitting autoimmune disease with CNS involvement occurring in up to 75% of patients. However, the frequency of neuropsychiatric manifestations in SLE studies varies widely, depending on the type of manifestations included and the method used for evaluation. CNS involvement may be considered primary if directly related to SLE activity in the CNS or secondary when related to treatment, infections, metabolic abnormalities or other systemic manifestations such as uraemia and hypertension. The pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric SLE is as yet unknown, though numerous autoantibodies and cytokines have been suggested as possible mediators. However, independent of the aetiology of the insult, the final common pathway in neuropsychiatric SLE is the involvement of the cerebral microvasculature. The diagnosis of primary CNS involvement by SLE is often difficult, as both focal and diffuse manifestations may occur and there is no gold standard for diagnosis. A high index of clinical suspicion, in addition to laboratory and neuroimaging findings may support the diagnosis. Treatment is mostly empirical, although one randomized controlled trial has shown that cyclophosphamide in addition to methylprednisolone is superior to methylprednisolone alone in severe neuropsychiatric SLE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.