Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2012
The effect of two elementary school-based prevention interventions on being offered tobacco and the transition to smoking.
Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A component-centered meta-analysis of family-based prevention programs for adolescent substance use.Clinical psychology review · 2016Pooled it
- Family-based programmes for preventing smoking by children and adolescents.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- School-based programmes for preventing smoking.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Polygenic Score × Intervention Moderation: an Application of Discrete-Time Survival Analysis to Model the Timing of First Marijuana Use Among Urban Youth.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2018Trial
- Modelling opportunity: An examination of quadratic effects of adolescent Venezuelan substance use.Drug and alcohol review · 2018Article
- Developmental Patterns of Adolescent Marijuana and Alcohol Use and Their Joint Association with Sexual Risk Behavior and Outcomes in Young Adulthood.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2017Article
- The role of neighborhood in urban black adolescent marijuana use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- The evaluation of two first-grade preventive interventions on childhood aggression and adolescent marijuana use: a latent transition longitudinal mixture model.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2013Article
- Steppingstone and gateway ideas: a discussion of origins, research challenges, and promising lines of research for the future.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsThis study sought to more precisely delineate the mechanisms by which two early elementary school-based, universal (i.e., applied to the entire population regardless of risk status) preventive interventions increased survival to first tobacco cigarette smoked. Specifically, we examined whether the interventions' effect on survival to first use was via the reduction of offers to smoke and/or through preventing the transition from first offer to smoking.
methodsA total of 678 urban first-graders were assigned randomly to the classroom-centered (CC), or the family-school partnership (FSP), or a control classroom condition. Youth were followed annually until 1 year beyond their anticipated high school graduation (mean age ∼18 years). Discrete-time survival analyses on 628 youth evaluated the impact of the CC and FSP interventions on first tobacco offer and initial tobacco smoking once offered.
findingsThe risk of being offered tobacco was reduced among both CC and FSP intervention groups relative to the control group, although the reduction was only statistically significant for the CC intervention. Neither intervention condition reduced the transition to smoking once offered tobacco to smoke.
conclusionThe CC intervention appeared to have its effect on survival to first cigarette smoked by delaying the first offer to smoke. Preventive interventions focused on refusal skills during the middle school years may be necessary to reduce the likelihood of the transition to smoking once offered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.