ArticleThe ISME journal2012
The genome of the obligate endobacterium of an AM fungus reveals an interphylum network of nutritional interactions.
Article in The ISME journal, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Coordination of quorum sensing with T3SS and T6SS: Bacterial strategies for combating fungal pathogens.Virulence · 2026Review
- Beyond static symbioses: genome architecture and endobacterial partnerships reshape arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- The 3D genome of Gigaspora margarita unveils stable chromatin and nucleolar organization and symbiont-dependent genome dynamics.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Review
- Experimental evidence for early bacterial inheritance in the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2026Article
- Nutrient limitation shapes functional traits of mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus-cycling bacteria across an elevation gradient.mSystems · 2026Article
- Endosymbiotic interactions in the fungal kingdom: a framework for progressive endosymbiosis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Endofungal bacteria as hidden facilitators of biotic interactions.The ISME journal · 2025Review
- Cross-kingdom nutrient exchange in the plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus-bacterium continuum.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Evolution of small molecule-mediated regulation of arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Plant-microbe interactions through a lens: tales from the mycorrhizosphere.Annals of botany · 2024Review
- Genome analysis and hyphal movement characterization of the hitchhiker endohyphalApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Detecting and characterizing new endofungal bacteria in new hosts:Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Disentangling arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria at the soil-root interface.Mycorrhiza · 2023Review
- Characterization of a Plant Growth-Promoting EndohyphalPolish journal of microbiology · 2023Article
- Evolution of manipulative microbial behaviors in the rhizosphere.Evolutionary applications · 2022Review
- The Wheat Head Blight PathogenCells · 2022Article
- Article
- Bacterial hitchhikers derive benefits from fungal housing.Current biology : CB · 2022Article
- Third Generation Genome Sequencing Reveals That Endobacteria in Nematophagous FungiFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As obligate symbionts of most land plants, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a crucial role in ecosystems, but to date, in the absence of genomic data, their adaptive biology remains elusive. In addition, endobacteria are found in their cytoplasm, the role of which is unknown. In order to investigate the function of the Gram-negative Candidatus Glomeribacter gigasporarum, an endobacterium of the AMF Gigaspora margarita, we sequenced its genome, leading to an ∼1.72-Mb assembly. Phylogenetic analyses placed Ca. G. gigasporarum in the Burkholderiaceae whereas metabolic network analyses clustered it with insect endobacteria. This positioning of Ca. G. gigasporarum among different bacterial classes reveals that it has undergone convergent evolution to adapt itself to intracellular lifestyle. The genome annotation of this mycorrhizal-fungal endobacterium has revealed an unexpected genetic mosaic where typical determinants of symbiotic, pathogenic and free-living bacteria are integrated in a reduced genome. Ca. G. gigasporarum is an aerobic microbe that depends on its host for carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen supply; it also expresses type II and type III secretion systems and synthesizes vitamin B12, antibiotics- and toxin-resistance molecules, which may contribute to the fungal host's ecological fitness. Ca. G. gigasporarum has an extreme dependence on its host for nutrients and energy, whereas the fungal host is itself an obligate biotroph that relies on a photosynthetic plant. Our work represents the first step towards unraveling a complex network of interphylum interactions, which is expected to have a previously unrecognized ecological impact.
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