ReviewInternational orthopaedics2011
The role of stem cells in fracture healing and nonunion.
Review in International orthopaedics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diabetes and the risk of delayed union or non-union of fractures: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Mesenchymal stem cells therapy for the treatment of non-union fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Bone marrow aspirate and bone marrow aspirate concentrate: Does the literature support use in long-bone nonunion and provide new insights into mechanism of action?European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Pooled it
- The Role of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Bone Healing: Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical Application of Adipose Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Aseptic Non-Unions: Current Stage and Future Perspectives-Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison between headless compression screws and tension band wires for the fixation of medial malleolar fractures: a prospective randomized trial.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2022Trial
- Local transplantation of bone marrow concentrated granulocytes precursors can cure without antibiotics infected nonunion of polytraumatic patients in absence of bone defect.International orthopaedics · 2016Trial
- The effect of concentrated bone marrow aspirate in operative treatment of fifth metatarsal stress fractures; a double-blind randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2015Trial
- Ferroptosis in compromised bone healing after trauma: from the iron/ROS microenvironment to non-union and bone defect reconstruction.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Surgical induction model of femoral defect in Wistar rats for bone repair histology.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2026Article
- Injury-induced niche factors Cxcl12 and Shh/Ihh coordinate suture stem cell activation during calvarial bone regeneration.Science signaling · 2025Article
- Plant-Derived Bone Substitute Presents Effective Osteointegration in Several Clinical Settings: A Pilot Study from a Single Center.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The impact of medial-first dual plating for reduction of distal femoral fractures: a retrospective comparative cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- CYR61 delivery promotes angiogenesis during bone fracture repair.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing Nonunion Treatment: The Expanding Role of Local Biological Therapies.Orthopedic reviews · 2025Article
- Angiogenesis is uncoupled from osteogenesis during calvarial bone regeneration.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Orthobiologics in delayed union and non-union of adult long bones fractures: A systematic review.Bone reports · 2024Review
- Safety of a Porous Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitute in Orthopedics and Traumatology: A Multi-Centric Clinical Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Immunomodulatory and Bone Regeneration Potential after Tumor Excision in Osteosarcoma Patients.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, stimulates angiogenesis and bone regeneration in an atrophic non-union model in mice.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nonunion and large bone defects present a therapeutic challenge to the surgeon and are often associated with significant morbidity. These defects are expensive to both the health care system and society. However, several surgical procedures have been developed to maximise patient satisfaction and minimise health-care-associated and socioeconomic costs. Integrating recent evidence into the diamond concept leads to one simple conclusion that not only provides us with answers to the "open questions" but also simplifies our entire understanding of bone healing. It has been shown that a combination of neo-osteogenesis and neovascularisation will restore tissue deficits, and that the optimal approach includes a biomaterial scaffold, cell biology techniques, a growth factor and optimisation of the mechanical environment. Further prospective, controlled, randomised clinical studies will determine the effectiveness and economic benefits of treatment with mesenchymal stem cells, not in comparison to other conventional surgical approaches but in direct conjunction with them.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.