Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21860228›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of nephrology2011

Chronic kidney disease and risk of death from infection.

Henry E Wang, Christopher Gamboa, David G Warnock, Paul Muntner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of nephrology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Article
  8. Reproducible Identification of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Clinical Subphenotypes.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Observational
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. ABCDE to identify and prevent chronic kidney disease: a call to action.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
    Article
  12. Observational
  13. Review
  14. Article
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  17. Development and validation of a predictive model for in-hospital mortality from perioperative bacteremia in gastrointestinal surgery.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Henry E WangDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA. hwang@uabmc.edu
Christopher Gamboa
David G Warnock
Paul Muntner
University of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

Risk Factors for Sepsis in the CommunityR01NR012726 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI WANG, HENRY E. · 2011 to 2015
$2.6M
NINR NIH HHS R01 NR012726NINR NIH HHS R01-NR012726
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfection, bacteremia and sepsis are major sources of morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. This study sought to determine the association between predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) and infection-related mortality.

methodsWe analyzed participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). The study included adults ≥45- years-old without end-stage renal disease. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was categorized as ≥60, 45-59.9 and <45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) as <30, 30-299.9 and ≥300 mg/g. The study identified infection-related mortality, including septicemia, respiratory, abdominal and gastrointestinal, cardiac, kidney and genitourinary, neurologic, and other infections over a median of 13 years using the National Death Index.

resultsOf 7,400 participants included in the study, 206 died from infections. Compared to individuals with eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), infection-related mortality was higher for those with lower eGFR [adjusted HR = 1.36 (95% CI: 0.81, 2.30) and 2.36 (1.04, 5.38) for eGFR of 45-59.9 and <45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively; p trend = 0.06]. Compared to individuals with ACR <30 mg/g, infection-related mortality was higher for ACR levels of 30-299 and ≥300 mg/g [adjusted HR = 1.68 (95% CI: 0.97, 2.92) and 2.84 (0.92, 8.74), p trend = 0.02].

conclusionsReduced eGFR and albuminuria are associated with increased risk for infection-related mortality. Efforts are needed to reduce its incidence and mitigate the effects of infections among individuals with CKD.

Indexed as

AgedFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansIncidenceInfectionsKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNutrition SurveysProportional Hazards ModelsRiskTreatment OutcomeUnited States

Identifiers

PMID21860228
PMCPMC3169360
OpenAlexW2046710351

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.