ArticlePloS one2011
Gender difference in 2-year mortality and immunological response to ART in an HIV-infected Chinese population, 2006-2008.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Marked sex differences in all-cause mortality on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Pooled it
- Sex differences in HIV outcomes in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: a systematic review.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Pooled it
- Epidemiology of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Africa.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2013Pooled it
- Trial
- Negative influence of age and low baseline CD4 on T helper cell recovery among HIV-infected individuals with fixed-dose combination of tenofovir disoproxil, lamivudine and dolutegravir.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Excess mortality and associated factors among people living with HIV initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy in Luzhou, China 2006-2020.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Pyroptosis associated with immune reconstruction failure in HIV-1- infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Development and external validation of a prognostic model for survival of people living with HIV/AIDS initiating antiretroviral therapy.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2021Article
- Mortality and Attrition Rates within the First Year of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: An Observational Cohort Study.BioMed research international · 2021Observational
- Sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes and adherence by exposure groups among adults in Guangdong, China: A retrospective observational cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2020Article
- Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of HIV Mortality in China: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Immunological Response During HAART and Determinants of Current CD4HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
- Influence of Sex/Gender and Race on Responses to Raltegravir Combined With Tenofovir-Emtricitabine in Treatment-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infected Patients: Pooled Analyses of the STARTMRK and QDMRK Studies.Open forum infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Superior Effects of Antiretroviral Treatment among Men Who have Sex with Men Compared to Other HIV At-Risk Populations in a Large Cohort Study in Hunan, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Trends and determinants of survival for over 200 000 patients on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana National Program: 2002-2013.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- Gender-related differences in outcomes and attrition on antiretroviral treatment among an HIV-infected patient cohort in Zimbabwe: 2007-2010.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2015Article
- Is forced migration a barrier to treatment success? Similar HIV treatment outcomes among refugees and a surrounding host community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.AIDS and behavior · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSince it was initiated in 2002, the China Free Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Program has been progressing from an emergency response to a standardized treatment and care system. As of December 31, 2009, a total of 81,880 patients in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and special municipalities received free ART. Gender differences, however, in mortality and immunological response to ART in this cohort have never been described.
objectiveTo understand whether women and men who enrolled in the China National Free ART Program responded equally well to the treatment.
methodsA retrospective analysis of the national free ART databases from June 2006-December 2008 was performed. HIV-infected subjects who were 18 years or older, ART naïve at baseline, and on a 3TC regimen enrolled in the program from June 1 to December 31, 2006, were included in this study, then followed up to 2 years.
resultsAmong 3457 enrolled subjects who met the inclusion criteria, 59.2% were male and 40.8% female. The majority of the subjects were 19-44 years old (77%) and married (72%). Over the full 24 months of follow-up, the mortality rate was 19.0% in males and 11.4% in females (p = 0.0014). Males on therapy for 3-24 months were more likely to die than females (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04-2.06, p = 0.0307) after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Compared to men, women had higher CD4+ counts over time after initiating ART (p<0.0001).
conclusionsOur study showed that women had an overall lower mortality and higher CD4+ counts than men in response to ART treatment, which may be attributed to adherence, biological factors, social, cultural and economic reasons. Further study is needed to explore these factors that might contribute to the gender differences in mortality and immunological response to ART.
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