SynthesisJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2011
Depression and HIV/AIDS treatment nonadherence: a review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 470 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimizing the HIV Treatment Continuum With a Stepped Care Model for Youth Living With HIV
A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence Intervention for HIV+ African Americans
ASHA Bangladesh--An Integrated Intervention to Address Depression in Low Income Rural Women
Who cites it
470 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Health Outcomes Associated with Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults Living with HIV: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for depression delivered by non-mental health specialists to people living with HIV/AIDS in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- The Global Landscape of the Burden of Depressive Symptoms/Major Depression in Individuals Living With HIV/AIDs and Its Effect on Antiretroviral Medication Adherence: An Umbrella Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions enhance HIV medication adherence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of health psychology · 2020Pooled it
- The Factorial Structure, Reliability, and Validity of a Coping Measure Among Women with HIV and Sexual Trauma in Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- Disclosure Events and Psychosocial Well-Being Among Young South African Adults Living with HIV.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Trial
- Pilot Test of Mopati, a Multi-Level Adherence Intervention for People Living with HIV and Their Treatment Partners in Botswana.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Trial
- Depression Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Persons Participating in Two Randomized Trials of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring and Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Identification of patient subgroups who benefit from a behavioral intervention to improve adjuvant endocrine therapy adherence: a randomized-controlled trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Trial
- Addressing Mental Health Barriers in HIV Care Coordination Is Crucial to Providing Optimal HIV/AIDS Care.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2024Trial
- Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms in people with HIV/AIDS: An intervention based on if-then plans with self-affirming cognitions.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2022Trial
- Results of the Kigali Imbereheza Project: A 2-Arm Individually Randomized Trial of TI-CBT Enhanced to Address ART Adherence and Mental Health for Rwandan Youth Living With HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2022Trial
- Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of telemedicine-administered cognitive behavioral therapy for adherence and depression among African American women living with HIV in the rural South.Journal of health psychology · 2021Trial
- Treating depression and improving adherence in HIV care with task-shared cognitive behavioural therapy in Khayelitsha, South Africa: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Evaluating potential mediators for the impact of a family-based economic intervention (Suubi+Adherence) on the mental health of adolescents living with HIV in Uganda.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Trial
- Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Resting-state neural signatures of depressive symptoms in acute HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Trial
- Patterns of alcohol use and associated characteristics and HIV-related outcomes among a sample of African-American women living with HIV.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Trial
- Differentiating Exposure From Consequence: A Longitudinal Examination of Trauma and Posttraumatic Distress in a Public HIV Care Clinic.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
410 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We meta-analyzed the relationship between depression and HIV medication nonadherence to calculate the overall effect size and examine potential moderators. Overall, across 95 independent samples, depression was significantly (P < 0.0001) associated with nonadherence (r = 0.19; 95% confidence interval = 0.14 to 0.25). Studies evaluating medication adherence via interview found significantly larger effects than those using self-administered questionnaires. Studies measuring adherence along a continuum found significantly stronger effects than studies comparing dichotomies. Effect size was not significantly related to other aspects of adherence or depression measurement, assessment interval (ie, cross-sectional vs. longitudinal), sex, IV drug use, sexual orientation, or study location. The relationship between depression and HIV treatment nonadherence is consistent across samples and over time, is not limited to those with clinical depression, and is not inflated by self-report bias. Our results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing depressive symptom severity, even at subclinical levels, should be a behavioral research priority.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.