ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2011
Short-term oral progesterone administration antagonizes the effect of transdermal estradiol on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in young healthy women.
Article in American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- ETAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2021Trial
- Response of exercise-onset vasodilator kinetics to L-citrulline supplementation during different phases of the menstrual cycle.Physiological reports · 2020Trial
- Sex comparison of cerebrovascular reactivity to COJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- Menopause and vascular endothelial health: Is it all about the oestrogen?Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Vascular function in women with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a mismatch beyond diastole.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Review
- Exogenous estradiol increases cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity during a hypertensive stimulus in premenopausal young women.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
- Characterizing vascular and hormonal changes in women across the life span: a cross-sectional analysis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Article
- The forearm vascular response to sympathetic activation is attenuated in female, but not male, participants following acute intermittent hypoxia.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Risk for midlife psychosis in women: critical gaps and opportunities in exploring perimenopause and ovarian hormones as mechanisms of risk.Psychological medicine · 2022Review
- Cerebral autoregulation across the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic women.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Menstrual phase influences cerebrovascular responsiveness in females but may not affect sex differences.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Evidence of reduced peripheral microvascular function in young Black women across the menstrual cycle.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Aging and Heart Failure.Current heart failure reports · 2020Review
- Decline in endothelial function across the menopause transition in healthy women is related to decreased estradiol and increased oxidative stress.GeroScience · 2020 · on this mapArticle
- Sex, Gender, and Sex Hormones in Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure.Comprehensive Physiology · 2019Review
- Sympathetic neural responsiveness to sleep deprivation in older adults: sex differences.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2019Article
- Bazedoxifene-induced vasodilation and inhibition of vasoconstriction is significantly greater than estradiol.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Pubertal Hormonal Changes and the Autonomic Nervous System: Potential Role in Pediatric Orthostatic Intolerance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Very few studies have explored the cardiovascular effects of progesterone in premenopausal women. This study aimed to examine the short-term effects of oral progesterone alone, transdermal estrogen alone, and progesterone and estrogen combined on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in healthy reproductive-aged women. We suppressed endogenous estrogens and progesterone in 17 premenopausal women for 10-12 days using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist. On day 4 (hormone suppression condition), subjects were tested (n = 17) and were then supplemented with either 200 mg micronized progesterone (n = 8) orally or 0.1 mg estradiol (n = 9) transdermally per day. On day 7 (progesterone-first or estradiol-first condition), subjects were tested and began supplementation with both hormones (n = 17) and were tested again on day 10 (combined hormone condition). FMD of the brachial artery was assessed using B-mode arterial ultrasound, combined with synchronized Doppler analysis. As a result, significant differences in FMD were observed between hormone suppression (7.85 ± 1.06%) and estrogen-first conditions (10.14 ± 1.40%; P < 0.05). The estradiol-induced increase was abolished when oral progesterone was also supplemented (6.27 ± 0.96%). In contrast, we observed a trend toward a decrease in FMD with unopposed progesterone administration, but no statistically significant differences were found between the progesterone-first (6.66 ± 1.23%), hormone suppression (7.80 ± 1.23%), and combined hormone conditions (7.40 ± 1.29%). In conclusion, these data suggest that short-term oral micronized progesterone administration antagonizes the beneficial effect of transdermal estradiol on FMD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.