Trial reportThe Journal of investigative dermatology2012
Immunomodulation by imiquimod in patients with high-risk primary melanoma.
Trial report in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Topical TLR7 agonist imiquimod can induce immune-mediated rejection of skin metastases in patients with breast cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2012Trial
- Granulomas microenvironment-guided sono-immunotherapy to treat and prevent recurrence of tuberculosis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tumor eradication by triplet therapy with BRAF inhibitor, TLR 7 agonist, and PD-1 antibody for BRAF-mutated melanoma.Cancer science · 2024Article
- Toll-like receptor-guided therapeutic intervention of human cancers: molecular and immunological perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Advanced Acral Melanoma Therapies: Current Status and Future Directions.Current treatment options in oncology · 2022Review
- TLR agonist rMBP-NAP inhibits B16 melanoma tumor growth via induction of DCs maturation and T-cells cytotoxic response.Cytotechnology · 2022Article
- The role of tumor-associated macrophages and soluble mediators in pulmonary metastatic melanoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Roles of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor progression: implications on therapeutic strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2021Review
- Evolution of Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist therapeutics and their delivery approaches: From antiviral formulations to vaccine adjuvants.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Control over Imidazoquinoline Immune Stimulation by pH-Degradable Poly(norbornene) Nanogels.Biomacromolecules · 2020Article
- Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms Behind Intralesional Immunotherapies for Advanced Melanoma.Cancers · 2020Review
- A TLR7 agonist strengthens T and NK cell function during BRAF-targeted therapy in a preclinical melanoma model.International journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Regional vitiligo induced by imiquimod treatment for in-transit melanoma metastases.JAAD case reports · 2019Article
- Review
- Preventive Inhibition of Liver Tumorigenesis by Systemic Activation of Innate Immune Functions.Cell reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Anti-tumor Activity of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonists.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Review
- Core/shell protein-reactive nanogels via a combination of RAFT polymerization and vinyl sulfone postmodification.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2016Article
- pH-degradable imidazoquinoline-ligated nanogels for lymph node-focused immune activation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Dual roles of TLR7 in the lung cancer microenvironment.Oncoimmunology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Imiquimod is a synthetic Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist approved for the topical treatment of actinic keratoses, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and genital warts. Imiquimod leads to an 80-100% cure rate of lentigo maligna; however, studies of invasive melanoma are lacking. We conducted a pilot study to characterize the local, regional, and systemic immune responses induced by imiquimod in patients with high-risk melanoma. After treatment of the primary melanoma biopsy site with placebo or imiquimod cream, we measured immune responses in the treated skin, sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs), and peripheral blood. Treatment of primary melanomas with 5% imiquimod cream was associated with an increase in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the skin, and CD4+ T cells in the SLN. Most of the CD8+ T cells in the skin were CD25 negative. We could not detect any increases in CD8+ T cells specifically recognizing HLA-A(*)0201-restricted melanoma epitopes in the peripheral blood. The findings from this small pilot study demonstrate that topical imiquimod treatment results in enhanced local and regional T-cell numbers in both the skin and SLN. Further research into TLR7 immunomodulating pathways as a basis for effective immunotherapy against melanoma in conjunction with surgery is warranted.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.