ArticleCellular microbiology2011
The WxxxE effector EspT triggers expression of immune mediators in an Erk/JNK and NF-κB-dependent manner.
Article in Cellular microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Edwardsiella T3SS effector EseJ enhances NF-κB signaling by stabilizing p65 and promoting TAK1 phosphorylation.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Medium dependent factors govern the functionality of engineered type III secretion systems.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Article
- Type III Secretion System in Intestinal Pathogens and Metabolic Diseases.Journal of diabetes research · 2024Review
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Enteric Bacterial Pathogens: A Complex Interplay.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Roles of Eicosanoids in Regulating Inflammation and Neutrophil Migration as an Innate Host Response to Bacterial Infections.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Comparative Transcriptomics of Shiga Toxin-Producing and CommensalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- The Complete Genome of the Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Archetype Isolate E110019 Highlights a Role for Plasmids in Dissemination of the Type III Secreted Effector EspT.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- The Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Effector EspW Triggers Actin Remodeling in a Rac1-Dependent Manner.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- Association of Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with Diarrhea and Related Mortality in Kittens.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2017Article
- Epithelial cells detect functional type III secretion system of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli through a novel NF-κB signaling pathway.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- An anti-cancer WxxxE-containing azurin polypeptide inhibits Rac1-dependent STAT3 and ERK/GSK-3β signaling in breast cancer cells.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Tir Triggers Expression of CXCL1 in Enterocytes and Neutrophil Recruitment during Citrobacter rodentium Infection.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- The type III secretion effector NleF of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli activates NF-κB early during infection.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Influence of NleH effector expression, host genetics, and inflammation on Citrobacter rodentium colonization of mice.Microbes and infection · 2014Article
- Detection of enteric pathogens by the nodosome.Trends in immunology · 2014Review
- Effector triggered immunity.Virulence · 2014Review
- Interactions between Nod-Like Receptors and Intestinal Bacteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Review
- In vitro and in vivo model systems for studying enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2013Review
- PGE(2) suppression of innate immunity during mucosal bacterial infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and Citrobacter rodentium colonize their respective hosts while forming attaching and effacing lesions. Their infection strategy relies on translocation of a battery of type III secretion system effectors, including Map, EspM and EspT, which belong to the WxxxE/SopE family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Using the C. rodentium mouse model we found that EspT triggers expression of KC and TNFα in vivo. Indeed, a growing body of evidence suggests that, in addition to subversion of actin dynamics, the SopE and the WxxxE effectors activate signalling pathways involved in immune responses. In this study we found that EspT induces expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) an enzyme involved in production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE2), interleukin (Il)-8 and Il-1β in U937 human macrophages by activating the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. Since EspT modulates the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which mediates bacterial invasion into epithelial cells, we investigated the involvement of these Rho GTPases and bacterial invasion on pro-inflammatory responses and found that (i) Rac1, but not Cdc42, is involved in EspT-induced Il-8 and Il-1β secretion and (ii) cytochalasin D inhibits EspT-induced EPEC invasion into U937 but not Il-8 or Il-1β secretion. These results suggest that while EPEC translocates a number of effectors (i.e. NleC, NleD, NleE, NleH) that inhibit inflammation, a subset of strains, which encode EspT, employ an infection strategy that also involves upregulation of immune mediators.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.