Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21846596›Full record

ArticleCancer epidemiology2011

Risk factors for esophageal and gastric cancers in Shanxi Province, China: a case-control study.

Ying Gao, Nan Hu, Xiao You Han, Ti Ding, Carol Giffen, Alisa M Goldstein, Philip R Taylor

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer epidemiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
13.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Red and processed meat consumption and esophageal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2020
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  5. Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer: A Systematic ReviewAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2018
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  9. Red meat consumption and stomach cancer risk: a meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2014
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Ying GaoGenetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. gaoying@mail.nih.gov
Nan Hu
Xiao You Han
Ti Ding
Carol Giffen
Alisa M Goldstein
Philip R Taylor
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer Institute · USShanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital · CNInformation Management Services · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999NCI NIH HHS Y99 CA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSmoking and alcohol consumption explain little of the risk for upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer in China, where over half of all cases in the world occur.

methodsWe evaluated questionnaire-based risk factors for UGI cancers in a case-control study from Shanxi Province, China, including 600 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs), 599 gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCAs), 316 gastric noncardia adenocarcinomas (GNCAs), and 1514 age- and gender-matched controls.

resultsEver smoking and ever use of any alcohol were not associated with risk of UGI cancer; only modest associations were observed between ESCC risk and highest cumulative smoking exposure, as well as GNCA risk and beer drinking. While several associations were noted for socioeconomic and some dietary variables with one or two UGI cancers, the strongest and most consistent relations for all three individual UGI cancers were observed for consumption of scalding hot foods (risk increased 150-219% for daily vs. never users) and fresh vegetables and fruits (risk decreased 48-70% for vegetables and 46-68% for fruits, respectively, for high vs. low quartiles).

conclusionThis study confirms the minor role of tobacco and alcohol in UGI cancers in this region, and highlights thermal damage as a leading etiologic factor.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaAgedAlcohol DrinkingCarcinoma, Squamous CellCase-Control StudiesChinaDietEsophageal NeoplasmsFemaleHot TemperatureHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSmokingStomach Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID21846596
PMCPMC3215853
OpenAlexW2058008546

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.