ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2011
Microcystin-LR induces apoptosis via NF-κB/iNOS pathway in INS-1 cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tangeretin protects against nodularin-R-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Glutamine alleviates feed restriction-induced barrier function injury in yak rumen epithelium.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Female reproductive impacts of emerging cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom toxins.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Serum Microcystin-LR Levels Linked with Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Matched Case-Control Study in China.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Hepatic NLRP3-Derived Hsp70 Binding to TLR4 Mediates MASLD to MASH Progression upon Inhibition of PP2A by Harmful Algal Bloom Toxin Microcystin, a Second Hit.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Metabolomics Applied to Cyanobacterial Toxins and Natural Products.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Serum microcystin-LR levels and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A Chinese nested case-control study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Biological Evaluation and Transcriptomic Analysis of Corylin as an Inhibitor of Osteoclast Differentiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- New Insights inToxins · 2020Article
- Differential Response of Two Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines to the Phenolic Extract from Flaxseed Oil.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- Fucoxanthin induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer cell line HeLa via PI3K/Akt pathway.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Article
- Article
- Article
- Sesquiterpene lactones and their derivatives inhibit high glucose-induced NF-κB activation and MCP-1 and TGF-β1 expression in rat mesangial cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2013Article
- Astaxanthin attenuates the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in db/db mice by inhibition of oxidative stress.Marine drugs · 2013Article
- Nifedipine protects INS-1 β-cell from high glucose-induced ER stress and apoptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2011Article
- YTHDC1 Mitigates Apoptosis in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by InhibitingCell transplantationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cyanobacterial toxins, especially the microcystins, are found in eutrophied waters throughout the world, and their potential to impact on human and animal health is a cause for concern. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the common toxic microcystin congeners and occurs frequently in diverse water systems. Recent work suggested that apoptosis plays a major role in the toxic effects induced by MC-LR in hepatocytes. However, the roles of MC-LR in pancreatic beta cells have not been fully established. The aim of the present study was to assess possible in vitro effects of MC-LR on cell apoptosis in the rat insulinoma cell line, INS-1. Our results demonstrated that MC-LR promoted selectively activation of NF-κB (increasing nuclear p50/p65 translocation) and increased the mRNA and protein levels of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The chronic treatment with MC-LR stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production derived from iNOS and induced apoptosis in a dose dependent manner in INS-1 cells. Meanwhile, this effect was inhibited by the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC, which reversed the apoptosis induced by MC-LR. Our observations indicate that MC-LR induced cell apoptosis via an iNOS-dependent pathway. A well-known nuclear transcription factor, NF-κB, is activated and mediates intracellular nitric oxide synthesis. We suggest that the apoptosis induced by chronic MC-LR in vivo presents a possible cause of β-cell dysfunction, as a key environmental factor in the development of diabetes mellitus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.