ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2011
The road to biological pacing.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- AAV-mediated long-term TBX18 expression causes cardiac fibrosis and fails to induce pacemaker activity in rodents.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Sinoatrial Node Dynamics: Clinical Relevance and microRNA-Based Modulation of Pacemaker Activity.Cureus · 2025Review
- Odz4 upregulates SAN-specific genes to promote differentiation into cardiac pacemaker-like cells.FEBS letters · 2025Article
- Perspectives on non-genetic optoelectronic modulation biointerfaces for advancing healthcare.Med-X · 2024Article
- Active force generation contributes to the complexity of spontaneous activity and to the response to stretch of murine cardiomyocyte cultures.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Improved Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Pacemaker Cells Using Novel Differentiation Protocols.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Autonomic modulation of sinoatrial node: Role of pacemaker current and calcium sensitive adenylyl cyclase isoforms.Progress in biophysics and molecular biology · 2021Review
- Reciprocal interaction between IK1 and If in biological pacemakers: A simulation study.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- Effect of Microgroove Structure in PDMS-Based Silicone Implants on Biocompatibility.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Bioengineering the Cardiac Conduction System: Advances in Cellular, Gene, and Tissue Engineering for Heart Rhythm Regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Cardiac and neuronal HCN channelopathies.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2020Review
- Biological pacemaker: from biological experiments to computational simulation.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2020Review
- A study of the outward background current conductance gPflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2020Article
- Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Cells as a Functional Gene Delivery Vehicle for Long-Term Biological Pacing.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- A Brief History of Pacemaking.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Genetically Modified Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Lentiviral Tbx18 Create a Biological Pacemaker.Stem cells international · 2019Article
- Cardiac Optogenetics and Optical Mapping - Overcoming Spectral Congestion in All-Optical Cardiac Electrophysiology.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Tbx18 sets the pace.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- TBX18 overexpression enhances pacemaker function in a rat subsidiary atrial pacemaker model of sick sinus syndrome.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Kir2 inward rectification-controlled precise and dynamic balances between Kir2 and HCN currents initiate pacemaking activity.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The field of biological pacing is entering its second decade of active investigation. The inception of this area of study was serendipitous, deriving largely from observations made by several teams of investigators, whose common interest was to understand the mechanisms governing cardiac impulse initiation. Research directions taken have fallen under the broad headings of gene therapy and cell therapy, and biomaterials research has also begun to enter the field. In this Review, we revisit certain milestones achieved through the construction of a 'roadmap' in biological pacing. Whether the end result will be a clinically applicable biological pacemaker is still uncertain. However, promising constructs that achieve physiologically relevant heart rates and good autonomic responsiveness are now available, and proof of principle studies are giving way to translation to large-animal models in long-term studies. Provided that interest in the field continues, the next decade should see either biological pacemakers become a clinical reality or the improvement of electronic pacemakers to a point where the biological approach is no longer a viable alternative.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21844918What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.