ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2011
Trichomonas vaginalis infection in women who submit self-obtained vaginal samples after internet recruitment.
Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence and infection risk factors of Trichomonas vaginalis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Pooled it
- Detection of Three Sexually Transmitted Infections by Anatomic Site: Evidence From an Internet-Based Screening Program.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2020Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection Among Men and Women in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Screening for Trichomonas vaginalis in a Large High-Risk Population: Prevalence Among Men and Women Determined by Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Article
- Assessing association between IWantTheKit risk quiz tool and sexually transmitted infection positivity in male users for sexually transmitted infection screening.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2018Article
- Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum in sexually active women attending public health clinics in Brazil.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
- Use of a risk quiz to predict infection for sexually transmitted infections: a retrospective analysis of acceptability and positivity.Sexually transmitted infections · 2016Article
- A Review of Evidence-Based Care of Symptomatic Trichomoniasis and Asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis Infections.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Review
- Factors Affecting Gynecologic and Sexual Assessment in Older Women: A Lesson for Primary Care Providers.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Self-administered sample collection for screening of sexually transmitted infection among reservation-based American Indian youth.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2015Article
- Evaluation of a new website design for iwantthekit for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomonas screening.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2015Article
- Female users of internet-based screening for rectal STIs: descriptive statistics and correlates of positivity.Sexually transmitted infections · 2014Article
- Neglected parasitic infections in the United States: trichomoniasis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2014Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis infection among high-risk women in Los Angeles.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2013Article
- Characteristics and predictors of women who obtain rescreening for sexually transmitted infections using the www.iwantthekit.org screening programme.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2013Article
- Modern diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection.Sexually transmitted infections · 2013Review
- Trichomonas vaginalis infection in men who submit self-collected penile swabs after internet recruitment.Sexually transmitted infections · 2013Article
- Prevalence and predictors of trichomonas infection in newly incarcerated women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2012Article
- Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United States as determined by the Aptima Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification assay.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2012Article
- Can mailed swab samples be dry-shipped for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis by nucleic acid amplification tests?Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSubmission of self-obtained vaginal samples (SOVs) collected at home could remove barriers that women face in getting tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Internet recruitment of SOVs is highly acceptable.
methodsSexually active women ≥14 years were recruited by an educational Internet program, available at: www.iwantthekit.org (IWTK), which offered free testing for trichomonas as part of a panel, which also offered testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Kits were ordered online, SOVs were sent through US mail to the laboratory, and tested by nucleic acid amplification tests. Demographics and sexual risk factors were accessed by questionnaires. Women called or were contacted to receive their results.
resultsOf women requesting kits, 1525 (43%) returned swabs by mail. In all, 61% were <25 years, 52% were black, and 80% were single. Vaginal discharge was reported by 44%, prevalence for trichomonas was 10% (10% for chlamydia, 1% for gonorrhea), and 18% had at least one prevalent STI. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated several significantly associated risks factors as follows: adjusted odds ratio for black race was 2.69; for residence of Illinois, 3.85; for not having health insurance, 1.57; for lack of a bachelor's degree, 5.53; for having 2 to 15 partners, 1.60; for having ≥16 partners in previous year, 3.51; for being bisexual, 2.0; for not always using condoms, 3.04; and for having a partner who had a previous STI, 1.71. Age was not associated with trichomonas infection. All infected women were treated.
conclusionsA high prevalence of trichomonas and high sexual risk factors were demonstrated. Internet recruitment was a useful method of screening women for trichomonas infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.