Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2012
The ACTN3 genotype in soccer players in response to acute eccentric training.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Socceromics: A Systematic Review of Omics Technologies to Optimize Performance and Health in Soccer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- The frequency of the ACTN3 polymorphism in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medical genomics · 2025Pooled it
- Association between ACTN3 R577X genotype and risk of non-contact injury in trained athletes: A systematic review.Journal of sport and health science · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Higher Incidence and Longer Recovery Time from Non-Contact Muscle Injuries in ACTN3 XX Genotype Players from a Soccer Academy: A Three-Season Longitudinal Study.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Kinetics of Serum Myoglobin and Creatine Kinase Related to Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage andJournal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- TheSports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- TheGenes · 2025Article
- Article
- Kinetics of skin temperature in lower limbs of professional soccer athletes.Biology of sport · 2025Article
- Importance of selected genetic determinants on endurance performance and physical strength: a narrative review.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Impact of ACTN3 R577X Polymorphism on Muscle Damage Susceptibility Following Aerobic or Strength Exercises: A Systematic Review.International journal of preventive medicine · 2025Review
- The Genetic Basis of Non-Contact Soft Tissue Injuries-Are There Practical Applications of Genetic Knowledge?Cells · 2024Review
- Influence ofGenes · 2024Observational
- Association Between Total Genotype Score and Muscle Injuries in Top-Level Football Players: a Pilot Study.Sports medicine - open · 2024Article
- Biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football (soccer).Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Genotype Distribution of theGenes · 2022Article
- Article
- Association of theGenes · 2022Article
- Genomic predictors of testosterone levels are associated with muscle fiber size and strength.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Genetic factors can interfere with sporting performance. The identification of genetic predisposition of soccer players brings important information to trainers and coaches for individual training loads adjustment. Different responses to eccentric training could be observed by the genotype referred to as α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) in biomarkers of muscle damage, hormones and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to compare acute inflammatory responses, muscle damage and hormonal variations according to the eccentric training in soccer professional athletes with different genetic profiles of ACTN3 (XX, RX and RR). 37 soccer professional athletes (9 XX, 13 RX, 15 RR) were randomly divided into five stations associated to eccentric muscle contraction and plyometrics. Blood samples were taken from athletes pre-eccentric training, immediately after (post), 2- and 4-h post-eccentric training to determine hormone responses (cortisol and testosterone), muscle damage (CK and α-actin), and inflammatory responses (IL-6). After eccentric training, athletes XX presented higher levels for CK (4-h post), α-actin (post and 2-h post) and cortisol (post) compared to RR and RX athletes. However, RR and RX athletes presented higher levels of testosterone (post) and IL-6 (2 h post and 4 h post) compared to athletes XX. The main conclusion of this study is that professional soccer athletes homozygous to ACTN3XX gene are more susceptible to eccentric damage and present a higher catabolic state, demonstrated by metabolic, hormonal and immune responses post an eccentric training, in comparison to ACTN3RR and ACTN3RX groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.