ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2011
Human breast cancer cells enhance self tolerance by promoting evasion from NK cell antitumor immunity.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 388 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Immunotherapy for Metastatic Cancer Patients by Adoptive Transfer of Autologous IKDC-like Cells - Phase 1 Clinical Trial
Prospective Study of Natural Killer Cells in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Relationship With Survival and Response Time to Castration
Study of the Modifications of the Immune Microenvironment Induced by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancers
Who cites it
388 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 668 citations in OpenAlex.
- The soldiers needed to be awakened: Tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Phase 1/2 study of monalizumab plus durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Modulation of blood T cell polyfunctionality and HVEM/BTLA expression are critical determinants of clinical outcome in anti-PD1-treated metastatic melanoma patients.Oncoimmunology · 2024Trial
- The peripheral immune landscape of human breast cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- The immunology of human breast cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- CXCL3 Antagonism Reverses Systemic Antitumor Immune Memory Impairment Associated With High Tumor Burden and Sensitizes Anti-PD-1 Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Exploring the feasibility of exercise training during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in women with early-stage breast cancer: a pilot study examining immune and metabolic outcomes.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Natural Killer Cell Plasticity in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Their Therapeutic Implications.Cells · 2026Review
- Prognostic value of lymphopenia in early breast cancer: learnings from the prospective CANTO cohort.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- The role of DAP12 in immune-related inflammatory diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- TIM-3 in Cardiovascular Disease.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Unlocking the promise of innate biology through the HLA-G/ILT2/ILT4 pathway.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- NKGD2 Ligands (NKG2DLs) in Breast Cancer: In Silico Analysis and Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune Mechanisms in Traumatic Brain Injury and Cancer: Parallel Courses or Existence in Different Orbits.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Tumor immunosenescence drives breast cancer progression and therapeutic resistance: mechanisms and emerging interventions.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the immunosuppressive status of NK cell subpopulations in TNBC.PloS one · 2026Article
- Targeting the Neuro-Immune Axis in Next-Generation Oncology: Discovery and Validation of βOncology research · 2026Review
- TNF-α and IFN-γ differentially regulate AML cell susceptibility to CD70-antibody-mediated cytotoxicity.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Antibody-Mediated Inhibition of HLA/LILR Interactions Breaks Innate Immune Tolerance and Induces Antitumor Immunity.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Phenotypes, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies of natural killer cell immunosenescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
328 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
NK cells are a major component of the antitumor immune response and are involved in controlling tumor progression and metastases in animal models. Here, we show that dysfunction of these cells accompanies human breast tumor progression. We characterized human peripheral blood NK (p-NK) cells and malignant mammary tumor-infiltrating NK (Ti-NK) cells from patients with noninvasive and invasive breast cancers. NK cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and normal breast tissue were used as controls. With disease progression, we found that expression of activating NK cell receptors (such as NKp30, NKG2D, DNAM-1, and CD16) decreased while expression of inhibitory receptors (such as NKG2A) increased and that this correlated with decreased NK cell function, most notably cytotoxicity. Importantly, Ti-NK cells had more pronounced impairment of their cytotoxic potential than p-NK cells. We also identified several stroma-derived factors, including TGF-β1, involved in tumor-induced reduction of normal NK cell function. Our data therefore show that breast tumor progression involves NK cell dysfunction and that breast tumors model their environment to evade NK cell antitumor immunity. This highlights the importance of developing future therapies able to restore NK cell cytotoxicity to limit/prevent tumor escape from antitumor immunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.