Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21840378›Full record

ArticleNeuroscience2011

Intranasal administration of insulin-like growth factor-1 protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced injury in the developing rat brain.

Z Cai, L-W Fan, S Lin, Y Pang, P G Rhodes

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Cord blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 correlate with perinatal brain development in fetal congenital heart disease.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2025
    Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Z CaiDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA. zcai@umc.edu
L-W Fan
S Lin
Y Pang
P G Rhodes
University of Mississippi Medical Center · US

Funding

Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia, glutamate receptors, and NOSR01HD035496 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MEDICAL CENTER · PI CAI, ZHENGWEI · 2003 to 2007
$820k
Perinatal infection, cytokines and brain injuryR01NS054278 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MEDICAL CENTER · PI CAI, ZHENGWEI · 2005 to 2008
$663k
Perinatal infection, cytokines and brain injuryR56NS054278 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MED CTR · PI CAI, ZHENGWEI · 2011 to 2011
$361k
PERINATAL HYPOXIA/ISCHEMIA, GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS, AND NOSR29HD035496 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MEDICAL CENTER · PI CAI, ZHENGWEI · 1997 to 2001
$204k
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD035496NICHD NIH HHS R29 HD035496NINDS NIH HHS NS 54278NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS054278NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS054278PHS HHS NIHHD 35496
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our previous studies show that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) can either protect against or increase lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage in the developing brain, depending on the dose, when it is co-administered with LPS through intracerebral injection. To further explore effects of IGF-1 on central inflammation associated brain injury, IGF-1 was administered through intranasal infusion in the current study. Postnatal day 5 (P5) rats were exposed to LPS at a dose of 1 μg/g body weight or sterile saline through intracerebral injection. Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) at a dose of 50 μg/pup or vehicle was administered intranasally 1 or 2 h after the LPS injection. Neonatal LPS exposure resulted in oligodendrocyte (OL) and white matter injury in the P6 or P21 rat brain. The damages include dilatation of lateral ventricles, pyknotic cell death, loss of OL progenitor cells and mature OLs in the cingulum area, and impairment of myelination at the corpus callosum area. Neurological dysfunctions were observed in juvenile rats with neonatal LPS exposure. Intranasal IGF-1 treatment at either 1 or 2 h after LPS exposure significantly attenuated LPS-induced brain injury and improved some behavioral deficits. Intranasal IGF-1 treatment also reduced infiltration of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes and activation of microglia in the rat brain 24 h after LPS exposure, but it did not prevent the elevation in concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in the LPS-exposed rat brain during the first 24 h. This is an indication that direct anti-inflammation might not be the primary mechanism for the protection of IGF-1, and other mechanisms, such as anti-apoptotic effects, are likely involved in its protective effects.

Indexed as

Administration, IntranasalAnimalsAnimals, NewbornBrainBrain ChemistryDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansInflammation MediatorsInsulin-Like Growth Factor ILipopolysaccharidesPregnancyRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyWallerian DegenerationInflammation MediatorsInsulin-Like Growth Factor ILipopolysaccharides

Identifiers

PMID21840378
PMCPMC3183292
OpenAlexW2060309299

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.