Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21835622›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2011

An interdependent metabolic patchwork in the nested symbiosis of mealybugs.

John P McCutcheon, Carol D von Dohlen

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 180 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
180citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
29.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

180 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 380 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Coevolution of Codependent Hosts and Symbionts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Cellular remodeling of ovarian follicular epithelial cells transmits an obligate nutritional endosymbiont in a scale insect.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Fidelity in co-diversified symbiosis.Nature communications · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. An obligate symbiont ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

John P McCutcheonCenter for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. john.mccutcheon@umontana.edu
Carol D von Dohlen
University of Arizona · USUtah State University · US

Funding

POST DOCTORAL EXCELLENCE IN RESEARCH AND TEACHINGK12GM000708 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · PI STRAUSFELD, NICHOLAS J · 2000 to 2018
$21.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS 1K12GM00708NIGMS NIH HHS K12 GM000708
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly reduced genomes of 144-416 kilobases have been described from nutrient-provisioning bacterial symbionts of several insect lineages [1-5]. Some host insects have formed stable associations with pairs of bacterial symbionts that live in specialized cells and provide them with essential nutrients; genomic data from these systems have revealed remarkable levels of metabolic complementarity between the symbiont pairs [3, 4, 6, 7]. The mealybug Planococcus citri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) contains dual bacterial symbionts existing with an unprecedented organization: an unnamed gammaproteobacteria, for which we propose the name Candidatus Moranella endobia, lives inside the betaproteobacteria Candidatus Tremblaya princeps [8]. Here we describe the complete genomes and metabolic contributions of these unusual nested symbionts. We show that whereas there is little overlap in retained genes involved in nutrient production between symbionts, several essential amino acid pathways in the mealybug assemblage require a patchwork of interspersed gene products from Tremblaya, Moranella, and possibly P. citri. Furthermore, although Tremblaya has the smallest cellular genome yet described, it contains a genomic inversion present in both orientations in individual insects, starkly contrasting with the extreme structural stability typical of highly reduced bacterial genomes [4, 9, 10].

Indexed as

Metabolic Networks and PathwaysSymbiosisAnimalsBetaproteobacteriaGammaproteobacteriaGene ExpressionGenome, BacterialHemipteraMolecular Sequence Data

Identifiers

PMID21835622
PMCPMC3169327
OpenAlexW2146003375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.