Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21835304›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2011

Exome sequencing and cis-regulatory mapping identify mutations in MAK, a gene encoding a regulator of ciliary length, as a cause of retinitis pigmentosa.

Rıza Köksal Ozgül, Anna M Siemiatkowska, Didem Yücel, Connie A Myers, Rob W J Collin, Marijke N Zonneveld, Avigail Beryozkin, Eyal Banin, Carel B Hoyng, L Ingeborgh van den Born and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Ciliary Defects in Inherited Retinal Diseases.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026
    Review
  2. Post-Translational Modifications in Cilia and Ciliopathies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
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  9. Bridging the gap of vision restoration.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. DYF-5/MAK-dependent phosphorylation promotes ciliary tubulin unloading.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  13. Genetic dissection of non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Rıza Köksal OzgülInstitute of Child Health and Metabolism Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Anna M Siemiatkowska
Didem Yücel
Connie A Myers
Rob W J Collin
Marijke N Zonneveld
Avigail Beryozkin
Eyal Banin
Carel B Hoyng
L Ingeborgh van den Born
European Retinal Disease Consortium
Ron Bose
Wei Shen
Dror Sharon
Frans P M Cremers
B Jeroen Klevering
Anneke I den Hollander
Joseph C Corbo
Radboud University Nijmegen · NLWashington University in St. Louis · USHadassah Medical Center · ILHacettepe University · TRRadboud University Medical Center · NLRotterdam Eye Hospital · NL

Funding

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND ENGINEERING OF THE PHOTORECEPTOR TRANSCRIPTION NETWORKR01EY018826 · NEI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CORBO, JOSEPH · 2008 to 2012
$1.9M
NEI NIH HHS EY018826NEI NIH HHS R01 EY018826
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A fundamental challenge in analyzing exome-sequence data is distinguishing pathogenic mutations from background polymorphisms. To address this problem in the context of a genetically heterogeneous disease, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), we devised a candidate-gene prioritization strategy called cis-regulatory mapping that utilizes ChIP-seq data for the photoreceptor transcription factor CRX to rank candidate genes. Exome sequencing combined with this approach identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) in the single affected member of a consanguineous Turkish family with RP. MAK encodes a cilium-associated mitogen-activated protein kinase whose function is conserved from the ciliated alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, to humans. Mutations in MAK orthologs in mice and other model organisms result in abnormally long cilia and, in mice, rapid photoreceptor degeneration. Subsequent sequence analyses of additional individuals with RP identified five probands with missense mutations in MAK. Two of these mutations alter amino acids that are conserved in all known kinases, and an in vitro kinase assay indicates that these mutations result in a loss of kinase activity. Thus, kinase activity appears to be critical for MAK function in humans. This study highlights a previously underappreciated role for CRX as a direct transcriptional regulator of ciliary genes in photoreceptors. In addition, it demonstrates the effectiveness of CRX-based cis-regulatory mapping in prioritizing candidate genes from exome data and suggests that this strategy should be generally applicable to a range of retinal diseases.

Indexed as

Sequence Analysis, DNAAdultAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsChromosome MappingCiliaExonsFemaleGenes, RecessiveGenetic LociHomeodomain ProteinsHumansMaleMiceMiddle AgedMolecular Sequence Datacone rod homeobox proteinHomeodomain ProteinsMAK protein, humanProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesRhodopsinTrans-Activators

Identifiers

PMID21835304
PMCPMC3155188
OpenAlexW2100240480

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.