ArticlePharmaceutical research2011
Gold nanoparticle penetration and reduced metabolism in human skin by toluene.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Imaging and quantifying drug delivery in skin - Part 2: Fluorescence andvibrational spectroscopic imaging methods.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Nanoparticle approaches for hepatitis therapy and clinical translation.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Secondary metabolites in topical infectious diseases and nanomedicine applications.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2024Review
- Nanoparticles for Topical Application in the Treatment of Skin Dysfunctions-An Overview of Dermo-Cosmetic and Dermatological Products.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Evaluation of the biocompability and corrosion activity of resorbable CaMgZnYbBAu alloys.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Nanocarriers for Skin Applications: Where Do We Stand?Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2022Review
- Size-Dependent Absorption through Stratum Corneum by Drug-Loaded Liposomes.Pharmaceutical research · 2021Article
- Noninvasive in vivo human multiphoton microscopy: a key method in proving nanoparticulate zinc oxide sunscreen safety.Journal of biomedical optics · 2020Article
- Using elongated microparticles to enhance tailorable nanoemulsion delivery in excised human skin and volunteers.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2018Article
- Article
- Enhancing the in vivo transdermal delivery of gold nanoparticles using poly(ethylene glycol) and its oleylamine conjugate.International journal of nanomedicine · 2016Article
- Progress and future of in vitro models to study translocation of nanoparticles.Archives of toxicology · 2015Review
- [Multiphoton tomography].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo measure penetration and metabolic effects of ion-stabilized, polar, 15 nm gold nanoparticles in aqueous solution (AuNP-Aq) and sterically stabilized, non-polar, 6 nm gold nanoparticles in toluene (AuNP-TOL) on excised human skin.
methodsGold nanoparticles were characterized with dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Skin penetration studies were done on frozen or fresh excised skin using static Franz diffusion cells. Viable treated skin was assessed by dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), multiphoton tomography (MPT) with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and TEM.
resultsDermoscopy and RCM showed large aggregates in the furrows of AuNP-Aq-treated skin. Treatment of thawed and viable skin only showed enhanced permeability to nanoparticles in the AuNP-TOL group with MPT and FLIM imaging to stratum spinosum of epidermis. TEM analysis revealed gold nanoparticles within AuNP-treated stratum corneum. FLIM analysis of NAD(P)H showed a significant decrease in total NAD(P)H in all toluene-treated groups.
conclusionsGold nanoparticles, 15 nm, in aqueous solution aggregated on the skin surface. Toluene treatment eliminated skin metabolism; skin treated with toluene/gold nanoparticles (6 nm) for 24 h, but not at 4 h, showed increased nanoparticle permeability. These results are of value to nanotoxicology.
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