ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2011
Structured multiple endosymbiosis of bacteria and archaea in a ciliate from marine sulfidic sediments: a survival mechanism in low oxygen, sulfidic sediments?
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Capturing the extensive diversity of marine anaerobic scuticociliates (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora) through cultivation.Marine life science & technology · 2026Article
- Distinct evolutionary origins and mixed-mode transmissions of methanogenic endosymbionts are revealed in anaerobic ciliated protists.Marine life science & technology · 2025Article
- Investigating the psammophilic karyorelictean ciliate families Kentrophoridae and Cryptopharyngidae (Protista, Ciliophora): molecular phylogeny, geographic distributions and a brief revision including descriptions of a new genus, a new species and a new combination.Marine life science & technology · 2025Article
- Anaerobic breviate protist survival in microcosms depends on microbiome metabolic function.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Methanogenic symbionts of anaerobic ciliates are host and habitat specific.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Culture-Independent Single-Cell PacBio Sequencing Reveals EpibioticMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of Two New Species of Prostomatean Ciliates With Establishment ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Eukaryotic Parasites Are Integral to a Productive Microbial Food Web in Oxygen-Depleted Waters.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Siboglinidae Tubes as an Additional Niche for Microbial Communities in the Gulf of Cádiz-A Microscopical Appraisal.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Article
- Tripartite Symbiosis of an Anaerobic Scuticociliate with Two Hydrogenosome-Associated Endosymbionts, aApplied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Energy metabolism in anaerobic eukaryotes and Earth's late oxygenation.Free radical biology & medicine · 2019Review
- Enrichment of intracellular sulphur cycle -associated bacteria in intertidal benthic foraminifera revealed by 16S and aprA gene analysis.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Detecting Associations Between Ciliated Protists and Prokaryotes with Culture-Independent Single-Cell Microbiomics: a Proof-of-Concept Study.Microbial ecology · 2019Article
- Phylogeny of the ciliate family Psilotrichidae (Protista, Ciliophora), a curious and poorly-known taxon, with notes on two algae-bearing psilotrichids from Guam, USA.BMC evolutionary biology · 2019Article
- Co-existence of multiple bacterivorous clevelandellid ciliate species in hindgut of wood-feeding cockroaches in light of their prokaryotic consortium.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Symbiosis in eukaryotic evolution.Journal of theoretical biology · 2017Article
- Article
- Forbidden phenotypes and the limits of evolution.Interface focus · 2015Review
- Eukaryotic origins: How and when was the mitochondrion acquired?Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Marine micro-oxic to sulfidic environments are sites of intensive biogeochemical cycling and elemental sequestration, where prokaryotes are major driving forces mediating carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and metal cycles, important from both biogeochemical and evolutionary perspectives. Associations between single-celled eukaryotes and bacteria and/or archaea are common in such habitats. Here we describe a ciliate common in the micro-oxic to anoxic, typically sulfidic, sediments of Santa Barbara Basin (CA, USA). The ciliate is 95% similar to Parduzcia orbis (18S rRNA). Transmission electron micrographs reveal clusters of at least three different endobiont types organized within membrane-bound sub-cellular regions. Catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescent in situ hybridization and 16S rRNA clone libraries confirm the symbionts include up to two sulfate reducers (Desulfobulbaceae, Desulfobacteraceae), a methanogen (Methanobacteriales), and possibly a Bacteroidete (Cytophaga) and a Type I methanotroph, suggesting synergistic metabolisms in this environment. This case study is discussed in terms of implications to biogeochemistry, and benthic ecology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.