ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2011
The homeostasis of iron, copper, and zinc in paracoccidioides brasiliensis, cryptococcus neoformans var. Grubii, and cryptococcus gattii: a comparative analysis.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Iron Deprivation Modulates the Exoproteome inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Updates inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The "Little Iron Waltz": The Ternary Response ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Microorganisms populating the water-related indoor biome.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Metabolic Adaptation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Molecular characterization of siderophore biosynthesis inIMA fungus · 2020Article
- The Role of Copper Homeostasis at the Host-Pathogen Axis: From Bacteria to Fungi.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
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- Nutritional Requirements and Their Importance for Virulence of Pathogenic Cryptococcus Species.Microorganisms · 2017Review
- Fungal Strategies to Evade the Host Immune Recognition.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Systemic Approach to Virulence Gene Network Analysis for Gaining New Insight into Cryptococcal Virulence.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Characterization of the Paracoccidioides Hypoxia Response Reveals New Insights into Pathogenesis Mechanisms of This Important Human Pathogenic Fungus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron, copper, and zinc are essential for all living organisms. Moreover, the homeostasis of these metals is vital to microorganisms during pathogenic interactions with a host. Most pathogens have developed specific mechanisms for the uptake of micronutrients from their hosts in order to counteract the low availability of essential ions in infected tissues. We report here an analysis of genes potentially involved in iron, copper, and zinc uptake and homeostasis in the fungal pathogens Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii, and Cryptococcus gattii. Although prior studies have identified certain aspects of metal regulation in Cryptococcus species, little is known regarding the regulation of these elements in P. brasiliensis. We also present amino acid sequences analyses of deduced proteins in order to examine possible conserved domains. The genomic data reveals, for the first time, genes associated to iron, copper, and zinc assimilation and homeostasis in P. brasiliensis. Furthermore, analyses of the three fungal species identified homologs to genes associated with high-affinity uptake systems, vacuolar and mitochondrial iron storage, copper uptake and reduction, and zinc assimilation. However, homologs to genes involved in siderophore production were only found in P. brasiliensis. Interestingly, in silico analysis of the genomes of P. brasiliensisPb01, Pb03, and Pb18 revealed significant differences in the presence and/or number of genes involved in metal homeostasis, such as in genes related to iron reduction and oxidation. The broad analyses of the genomes of P. brasiliensis, C. neoformans var. grubii, and C. gattii for genes involved in metal homeostasis provide important groundwork for numerous interesting future areas of investigation that are required in order to validate and explore the function of the identified genes and gene pathways.
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