Trial reportScience translational medicine2011
T cells with chimeric antigen receptors have potent antitumor effects and can establish memory in patients with advanced leukemia.
Trial report in Science translational medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,365 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot, Prospective, Non-randomized Evaluation of the Safety of Anakinra Plus Standard Chemotherapy Regimens in Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients
TriCAR-T-CD19 Adoptive Immunotherapy for CD19-positive Refractory/Relapsed Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Adoptive Immunotherapy for Refractory/Relapsed Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma With CD19-TriCART Cells
LMP2 Antigen-specific High-affinity T Cell Receptor (TCR)-Transduced Autologous T-cell Therapy for Recurrent and Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, an Open-label, Single-center, Phase I Clinical Trial
Who cites it
1,365 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,388 citations in OpenAlex.
- A new hope with CAR T-cell therapy for refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- CAR Immunotherapy for the treatment of infectious diseases: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Long-term response to autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer gene therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Letetresgene Autoleucel in Advanced/Metastatic Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Case study of CD19 CAR T therapy in a subject with immune-mediate necrotizing myopathy treated in the RESET-Myositis phase I/II trial.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Trial
- A naphthyl polymer with STING-activating property for antigen and adjuvant co-delivery to achieve potent cancer immunotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Cardiotoxicity of T cell immunotherapies.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- The evolving role of cytokines for CAR-T cell manufacturing and beyond.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Englumafusp alfa plus glofitamab in B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Can natural killer cells cure leukemia?Leukemia · 2026Review
- Optimization of hinge domain enhances antitumor efficacy of globo H-targeted CAR-T cells in solid tumor models.iScience · 2026Article
- Development of a 3-day manufacturing method to generate CD19-CD20-CD22 trispecific CAR T-cells from whole blood.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Mechanobiology of CAR-T cell therapy: regulatory mechanisms and strategies for enhanced antitumor immunity.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- HIV-specific and resistant CAR T cells promote control of HIV replication in people with HIV.Research square · 2026Article
- A guide to CAR T cell therapies: development, current status and future prospects.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Risk of thrombosis and bleeding following CAR T-cell therapy: Insights from the Dutch "Follow that CAR!" registry.HemaSphere · 2026Article
- mRNA-laden LNP-enabled in situ CAR-macrophage alleviates liver fibrosis via inhibiting activated HSCs and modulating the immune microenvironment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
1,305 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy with T lymphocytes, which can recognize and destroy malignant cells, has been limited by the ability to isolate and expand T cells restricted to tumor-associated antigens. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) composed of antibody binding domains connected to domains that activate T cells could overcome tolerance by allowing T cells to respond to cell surface antigens; however, to date, lymphocytes engineered to express CARs have demonstrated minimal in vivo expansion and antitumor effects in clinical trials. We report that CAR T cells that target CD19 and contain a costimulatory domain from CD137 and the T cell receptor ζ chain have potent non-cross-resistant clinical activity after infusion in three of three patients treated with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The engineered T cells expanded >1000-fold in vivo, trafficked to bone marrow, and continued to express functional CARs at high levels for at least 6 months. Evidence for on-target toxicity included B cell aplasia as well as decreased numbers of plasma cells and hypogammaglobulinemia. On average, each infused CAR-expressing T cell was calculated to eradicate at least 1000 CLL cells. Furthermore, a CD19-specific immune response was demonstrated in the blood and bone marrow, accompanied by complete remission, in two of three patients. Moreover, a portion of these cells persisted as memory CAR(+) T cells and retained anti-CD19 effector functionality, indicating the potential of this major histocompatibility complex-independent approach for the effective treatment of B cell malignancies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.