SynthesisClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2011
Systematic review and meta-analysis of antigen detection tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Synthesis in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic value of Lipoarabinomannan antigen for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in adults and children with or without HIV infection.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests in urine for pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Pooled it
- Nitrate reductase assay for rapid detection of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Pooled it
- Promise versus reality: optimism bias in package inserts for tuberculosis diagnostics.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2012Pooled it
- Evaluation of a serum-based antigen test for tuberculosis in HIV-exposed infants: a diagnostic accuracy study.BMC medicine · 2021Trial
- Trial
- MPT64 patch test for the diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised controlled trial in Peru.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2018Trial
- Diagnostic accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan strip-test for TB detection in HIV-infected hospitalised patients.The European respiratory journal · 2012Trial
- The diagnostic accuracy of urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF in HIV-infected hospitalized patients who are smear-negative or sputum scarce.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Pathogen and host biomarkers to aid early diagnosis and prognosis of tuberculous meningitis.Infection · 2026Article
- Development and assessment of a novel magnetic nanoparticle antibody-conjugate and aptamer-based assay (MNp-Ab-Ap assay) for the rapid diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis.Nanotheranostics · 2025Article
- Biomarkers in diagnosing and therapeutic monitoring of tuberculosis: a review.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Decoding the hidden realm: Molecular pioneering unravelling osteoarticular tuberculosis diagnosis.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2024Article
- Proteome Profile Changes Induced by Heterologous Overexpression ofBiomolecules · 2022Article
- Detection and quantification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen CFP10 in serum and urine for the rapid diagnosis of active tuberculosis disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Urine-Based Antigen (Protein) Detection Test for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Theranostic Application of a Novel G-Quadruplex-Forming DNA Aptamer Targeting Malate Synthase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2019Article
- Application of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy for the Visualization ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Biomarkers for tuberculosis: the case for lipoarabinomannan.ERJ open research · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tests that detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in clinical specimens could provide rapid direct evidence of active disease. We performed a systematic review to assess the diagnostic accuracy of antigen detection tests for active tuberculosis (TB) according to standard methods and summarized test performance using bivariate random effects meta-analysis. Overall, study quality was a concern. For pulmonary TB (47 studies, 5,036 participants), sensitivity estimates ranged from 2% to 100% and specificity from 33% to 100%. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) was the antigen most frequently targeted (23 studies, 49%). The pooled sensitivity of urine LAM was higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected individuals (47%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 26 to 68% versus 14%; 95% CI, 4 to 38%); pooled specificity estimates were similar: 96%; 95% CI, 81 to 100% and 97%; 95% CI, 86 to 100%, respectively. For extrapulmonary TB (21 studies, 1,616 participants), sensitivity estimates ranged from 0% to 100% and specificity estimates from 62% to 100%. Five studies targeting LAM, ESAT-6, Ag85 complex, and the 65-kDa antigen in cerebrospinal fluid, when pooled, yielded the highest sensitivity (87%; 95% CI, 61 to 98%), but low specificity (84%; 95% CI, 60 to 95%). Because of the limited number of studies targeting any specific antigen other than LAM, we could not draw firm conclusions about the overall clinical usefulness of these tests. Further studies are warranted to determine the value of LAM detection for TB meningitis in high-HIV-prevalence settings. Considering that antigen detection tests could be translated into rapid point-of-care tests, research to improve their performance is urgently needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.