ArticlePloS one2011
Association between HLA class I and class II alleles and the outcome of West Nile virus infection: an exploratory study.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- West Nile Virus: Seroprevalence and Epidemiological Study in Blood Donors in North Central Anatolia Amid Global Threats.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Auto-Abs against type I IFNs: Strong, common, and global determinants of severe arboviral diseases.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- HLA-A, HSPA5, IGFBP5 and PSMA2 Are Restriction Factors for Zika Virus Growth in Astrocytic Cells.Viruses · 2022Article
- MS-Based HLA-II Peptidomics Combined With Multiomics Will Aid the Development of Future Immunotherapies.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2021Review
- Determinants governing T cell receptor α/β-chain pairing in repertoire formation of identical twins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- CD4 T Cell Determinants in West Nile Virus Disease and Asymptomatic Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Review
- Host genetic control of mosquito-borne Flavivirus infections.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2018Review
- Transcriptional Classification and Functional Characterization of Human Airway Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Subsets.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Age-related alterations in immune responses to West Nile virus infection.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Review
- Influence of IFNL3 and HLA-DPB1 genotype on postpartum control of hepatitis C virus replication and T-cell recovery.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Blood group A and D negativity are associated with symptomatic West Nile virus infection.Transfusion · 2016Article
- Association between high expression macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) alleles and West Nile virus encephalitis.Cytokine · 2016Article
- Article
- Genetic Contribution of MHC Class II Genes in Susceptibility to West Nile Virus Infection.PloS one · 2016Article
- Major emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases of public health importance in Canada.Emerging microbes & infections · 2015Review
- Of Mice and Men: Protective and Pathogenic Immune Responses to West Nile virus Infection.Current tropical medicine reports · 2015Article
- Risk factors for West Nile virus infection and disease in populations and individuals.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2015Review
- West Nile virus nucleic acid persistence in whole blood months after clearance in plasma: implication for transfusion and transplantation safety.Transfusion · 2014Article
- Increased frequency of Tim-3 expressing T cells is associated with symptomatic West Nile virus infection.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWest Nile virus (WNV) infection is asymptomatic in most individuals, with a minority developing symptoms ranging from WNV fever to serious neuroinvasive disease. This study investigated the impact of host HLA on the outcome of WNV disease.
methodsA cohort of 210 non-Hispanic mostly white WNV(+) subjects from Canada and the U.S. were typed for HLA-A, B, C, DP, DQ, and DR. The study subjects were divided into three WNV infection outcome groups: asymptomatic (AS), symptomatic (S), and neuroinvasive disease (ND). Allele frequency distribution was compared pair-wise between the AS, S, and ND groups using χ2 and Fisher's exact tests and P values were corrected for multiple comparisons (Pc). Allele frequencies were compared between the groups and the North American population (NA) used as a control group. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the potential synergistic effect of age and HLA allele phenotype on disease outcome.
resultsThe alleles HLA-A*68, C*08 and DQB*05 were more frequently associated with severe outcomes (ND vs. AS, P(A*68) = 0.013/Pc = 0.26, P(C*08) = 0.0075/Pc = 0.064, and P(DQB1*05) = 0.029/Pc = 0.68), However the apparent DQB1*05 association was driven by age. The alleles HLA-B*40 and C*03 were more frequently associated with asymptomatic outcome (AS vs. S, P(B*40) = 0.021/Pc = 0.58 and AS vs. ND P(C*03) = 0.039/Pc = 0.64) and their frequencies were lower within WNV(+) subjects with neuroinvasive disease than within the North American population (NA vs. S, P(B*40) = 0.029 and NA vs. ND, P(C*03) = 0.032).
conclusionsHost HLA may be associated with the outcome of WNV disease; HLA-A*68 and C*08 might function as "susceptible" alleles, whereas HLA-B*40 and C*03 might function as "protective" alleles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.