Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21826117›Full record

ArticleNano today2011

Enhancing Cell therapies from the Outside In: Cell Surface Engineering Using Synthetic Nanomaterials.

Matthias T Stephan, Darrell J Irvine

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nano today, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Artificial Internalizing Receptors for Targeted Degradation of Extracellular Proteins.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Cell-Membrane-Anchored DNA Nanoplatform for Programming Cellular Interactions.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Article
  8. Cell-drug conjugates.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Cell Surface Engineering Tools for Programming Living Assemblies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Matthias T StephanDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Darrell J Irvine

Funding

Vaccinating against IGFBP-2 to prevent ovarian cancer relapseP50CA083636 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI DRESCHER, CHARLES, URBAN, NICOLE DENISE · 1999 to 2015
$35.1M
Targeted immunotherapy of breast cancer with central memory T cellsP50CA138293 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI PORTER, PEGGY L. · 2010 to 2014
$11.0M
Nanoparticle-mediated support of cancer immunotherapyR01CA140476 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI IRVINE, DARRELL J · 2009 to 2013
$1.5M
Therapeutic cell engineering using surface-conjugated synthetic nanoparticlesF32EB012362 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI STEPHAN, MATTHIAS · 2010 to 2011
$104k
Multiscale structural and mechanical analysis of soft tissue under complex loadsF32EB012352 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI LAKE, SPENCER PARK · 2010 to 2012
$81k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS P50 CA083636NCI NIH HHS P50 CA138293NCI NIH HHS R01 CA140476NIBIB NIH HHS F32 EB012352NIBIB NIH HHS F32 EB012362
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Therapeutic treatments based on the injection of living cells are in clinical use and preclinical development for diseases ranging from cancer to cardiovascular disease to diabetes. To enhance the function of therapeutic cells, a variety of chemical and materials science strategies are being developed that engineer the surface of therapeutic cells with new molecules, artificial receptors, and multifunctional nanomaterials, synthetically endowing donor cells with new properties and functions. These approaches offer a powerful complement to traditional genetic engineering strategies for enhancing the function of living cells.

Identifiers

PMID21826117
PMCPMC3148657

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.