ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Multiple enhancers ensure precision of gap gene-expression patterns in the Drosophila embryo.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers.
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Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed.
- Configuring the Code: Enhancer-Promoter Arrangement and Transcriptional Regulation.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Review
- Characterization of a cis-regulatory element upstream of matrix metalloproteinase-9.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bicoid-nucleosome competition sets a concentration threshold for transcription constrained by genome replication.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Cell fate ratios are encoded by transcriptional dynamics in the Drosophila retina.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Auricular malformations are driven by copy number variations in a hierarchical enhancer cluster and a dominant enhancer recapitulates human pathogenesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Bidirectional epigenetic editing reveals hierarchies in gene regulation.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
- An Osteoblast-Specific Enhancer and Subenhancer Cooperatively RegulateInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Two coacting shadow enhancers regulate twin of eyeless expression during early Drosophila development.Genetics · 2025Article
- Multiple allelic configurations govern long-range Shh enhancer-promoter communication in the embryonic forebrain.Molecular cell · 2024Article
- Understanding Transcriptional Regulatory Redundancy by Learnable Global Subset Perturbations.Proceedings of machine learning research · 2024Article
- Interpreting cis-regulatory interactions from large-scale deep neural networks.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparative 3D genome analysis between neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium reveals differential cis-regulatory interactions at retinal disease loci.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Enhancer selectivity across cell types delineates three functionally distinct enhancer-promoter regulation patterns.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Super-enhancer interactomes from single cells link clustering and transcription.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- InterpretingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Deep molecular learning of transcriptional control of a synthetic CRE enhancer and its variants.iScience · 2024Article
- Spatial promoter-enhancer hubs in cancer: organization, regulation, and function.Trends in cancer · 2023Review
- Regulation of the dynamic RNA Pol II elongation rate in Drosophila embryos.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Segmentation of the Drosophila embryo begins with the establishment of spatially restricted gap gene-expression patterns in response to broad gradients of maternal transcription factors, such as Bicoid. Numerous studies have documented the fidelity of these expression patterns, even when embryos are subjected to genetic or environmental stress, but the underlying mechanisms for this transcriptional precision are uncertain. Here we present evidence that every gap gene contains multiple enhancers with overlapping activities to produce authentic patterns of gene expression. For example, a recently identified hunchback (hb) enhancer (located 5-kb upstream of the classic enhancer) ensures repression at the anterior pole. The combination of intronic and 5' knirps (kni) enhancers produces a faithful expression pattern, even though the intronic enhancer alone directs an abnormally broad expression pattern. We present different models for "enhancer synergy," whereby two enhancers with overlapping activities produce authentic patterns of gene expression.
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