Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21821597›Full record

ArticleGenome biology and evolution2011

The lower bound to the evolution of mutation rates.

Michael Lynch

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
106citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

106 citing papers in PubMed, 180 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Dynamics of mutators of arbitrary dominance in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. AScience advances · 2026
    Article
  5. Evolution of the highest fidelity DNA replication systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. What sets the mutation rate of a cell type in an animal species?bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. The mutation landscape ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Direct and indirect selection in a proofreading polymerase.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Michael LynchDepartment of Biology, Indiana University, USA. milynch@indiana.edu
Indiana University · US

Funding

The Rate and Molecular Spectrum of Spontaneous MutationsR01GM036827 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF OREGON · PI LYNCH, MICHAEL R · 1988 to 2016
$5.7M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM036827NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM036827
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite substantial attention from theoreticians, the evolutionary mechanisms that drive intra- and interspecific variation in the mutation rate remain unclear. It has often been argued that mutation rates associated with the major replicative polymerases have been driven down to their physiological limits, defined as the point at which further enhancement in replication fidelity incurs a cost in terms of reproductive output, but no evidence in support of this argument has emerged for cellular organisms. Here, it is suggested that the lower barrier to mutation rate evolution may ultimately be defined not by molecular limitations but by the power of random genetic drift. As the mutation rate is reduced to a very low level, a point will eventually be reached at which the small advantage of any further reduction is overwhelmed by the power of drift. This hypothesis is consistent with a number of observations, including the inverse relationship between the per-site mutation rate and genome size in microbes, the negative scaling between the per-site mutation rate and effective population size in eukaryotes, and the elevated error rates associated with less frequently deployed polymerases and repair pathways.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularModels, GeneticMutation RateEukaryotaGenetic DriftGenome Size

Identifiers

PMID21821597
PMCPMC3194889
OpenAlexW2171381183

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.